[1] The west to east extension of the Himalayas is from –
A.
Indus gorge to Dihang gorge
B.
K2 to Chomoihari
C.
NangaParbat to Namcha Barwa
D.
Rakaposhi to Lohit river
Ans:
Indus gorge to Dihang gorge
Explanation :
The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over the northern borders of India. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Brahmaputra marks the eastern most boundary of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India.
[2] What is the position of the Earth when it is at the greatest distance from the sun?
A.
Aphelion
B.
Antipode
C.
Perihelion
D.
Aldiate
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
The Earth is farthest away from the Sun, at the aphelion point, two weeks after the June Solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is enjoying warm summer months. Conversely, it is closest to the Sun, or at the perihelion, about two weeks after the December Solstice, when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
[3] Most of the devastating earth-quakes are usually caused by –
A.
Eustatic movement
B.
Isostatic adjustment
C.
Collision of earth plates
D.
Volcanic eruption
Ans:
Collision of earth plates
Explanation :
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of enemy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The world's earthquakes are not randomly distributed over the Earth's surface. They tend to be concentrated in narrow zones. An Explanation is to be found in plate tectonics, a concept which has revolutionized thinking in the Earth's sciences. Plate tectonics tells us that the Earth's rigid outer shell (lithosphere) is broken into a mosaic of oceanic and continental plates which can slide over the plastic asthenosphere, which is the uppermost layer of the mantle.
[4] Which one of the four regions above the earth has smallest height (km.)?
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Thermosphere
D.
Troposphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km (11 mi) in the middle latitudes. It is deeper in the tropics, up to 20 km and shallower near the Polar Regions, at 7 km in summer and indistinct in winter. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols.
[5] Typhoons are common in the –
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Seas of China and Japan
C.
Mexican Gulf
D.
Indian Ocean
Ans:
Seas of China and Japan
Explanation :
Typhoons are common in the China Sea and along the margins of the west Pacific Ocean.
[6] Which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Stratosphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
[7] Which one of the following represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall?
A.
Isohypses
B.
Isohalines
C.
Isobars
D.
Isohyets
Ans:
Isohyets
Explanation :
An isohyet or isohyetal line (from huetos, meaning 'rain') is a line joining points of equal precipitation on a map. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
[8] Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with –
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The lowest layer of the atmosphere, 6 miles (10 km) high in some areas and as much as 12 miles (20 km) high in others, within which there is a steady drop in temperature with increasing altitude and within which nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest themselves.
[9] Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as –
A.
Wave
B.
Tornado
C.
Typhoon
D.
Cyclone
Ans:
Typhoon
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over the northern borders of India. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Brahmaputra marks the eastern most boundary of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India.
[2] What is the position of the Earth when it is at the greatest distance from the sun?
A.
Aphelion
B.
Antipode
C.
Perihelion
D.
Aldiate
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
The Earth is farthest away from the Sun, at the aphelion point, two weeks after the June Solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is enjoying warm summer months. Conversely, it is closest to the Sun, or at the perihelion, about two weeks after the December Solstice, when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
[3] Most of the devastating earth-quakes are usually caused by –
A.
Eustatic movement
B.
Isostatic adjustment
C.
Collision of earth plates
D.
Volcanic eruption
Ans:
Collision of earth plates
Explanation :
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of enemy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The world's earthquakes are not randomly distributed over the Earth's surface. They tend to be concentrated in narrow zones. An Explanation is to be found in plate tectonics, a concept which has revolutionized thinking in the Earth's sciences. Plate tectonics tells us that the Earth's rigid outer shell (lithosphere) is broken into a mosaic of oceanic and continental plates which can slide over the plastic asthenosphere, which is the uppermost layer of the mantle.
[4] Which one of the four regions above the earth has smallest height (km.)?
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Thermosphere
D.
Troposphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km (11 mi) in the middle latitudes. It is deeper in the tropics, up to 20 km and shallower near the Polar Regions, at 7 km in summer and indistinct in winter. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols.
[5] Typhoons are common in the –
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Seas of China and Japan
C.
Mexican Gulf
D.
Indian Ocean
Ans:
Seas of China and Japan
Explanation :
Typhoons are common in the China Sea and along the margins of the west Pacific Ocean.
[6] Which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Stratosphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
[7] Which one of the following represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall?
A.
Isohypses
B.
Isohalines
C.
Isobars
D.
Isohyets
Ans:
Isohyets
Explanation :
An isohyet or isohyetal line (from huetos, meaning 'rain') is a line joining points of equal precipitation on a map. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
[8] Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with –
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The lowest layer of the atmosphere, 6 miles (10 km) high in some areas and as much as 12 miles (20 km) high in others, within which there is a steady drop in temperature with increasing altitude and within which nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest themselves.
[9] Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as –
A.
Wave
B.
Tornado
C.
Typhoon
D.
Cyclone
Ans:
Typhoon
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of enemy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The world's earthquakes are not randomly distributed over the Earth's surface. They tend to be concentrated in narrow zones. An Explanation is to be found in plate tectonics, a concept which has revolutionized thinking in the Earth's sciences. Plate tectonics tells us that the Earth's rigid outer shell (lithosphere) is broken into a mosaic of oceanic and continental plates which can slide over the plastic asthenosphere, which is the uppermost layer of the mantle.
[4] Which one of the four regions above the earth has smallest height (km.)?
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Thermosphere
D.
Troposphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km (11 mi) in the middle latitudes. It is deeper in the tropics, up to 20 km and shallower near the Polar Regions, at 7 km in summer and indistinct in winter. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols.
[5] Typhoons are common in the –
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Seas of China and Japan
C.
Mexican Gulf
D.
Indian Ocean
Ans:
Seas of China and Japan
Explanation :
Typhoons are common in the China Sea and along the margins of the west Pacific Ocean.
[6] Which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Stratosphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
[7] Which one of the following represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall?
A.
Isohypses
B.
Isohalines
C.
Isobars
D.
Isohyets
Ans:
Isohyets
Explanation :
An isohyet or isohyetal line (from huetos, meaning 'rain') is a line joining points of equal precipitation on a map. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
[8] Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with –
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The lowest layer of the atmosphere, 6 miles (10 km) high in some areas and as much as 12 miles (20 km) high in others, within which there is a steady drop in temperature with increasing altitude and within which nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest themselves.
[9] Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as –
A.
Wave
B.
Tornado
C.
Typhoon
D.
Cyclone
Ans:
Typhoon
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Typhoons are common in the China Sea and along the margins of the west Pacific Ocean.
[6] Which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Stratosphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
[7] Which one of the following represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall?
A.
Isohypses
B.
Isohalines
C.
Isobars
D.
Isohyets
Ans:
Isohyets
Explanation :
An isohyet or isohyetal line (from huetos, meaning 'rain') is a line joining points of equal precipitation on a map. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
[8] Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with –
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The lowest layer of the atmosphere, 6 miles (10 km) high in some areas and as much as 12 miles (20 km) high in others, within which there is a steady drop in temperature with increasing altitude and within which nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest themselves.
[9] Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as –
A.
Wave
B.
Tornado
C.
Typhoon
D.
Cyclone
Ans:
Typhoon
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
An isohyet or isohyetal line (from huetos, meaning 'rain') is a line joining points of equal precipitation on a map. A map with isohyets is called an isohyetal map.
[8] Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with –
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The lowest layer of the atmosphere, 6 miles (10 km) high in some areas and as much as 12 miles (20 km) high in others, within which there is a steady drop in temperature with increasing altitude and within which nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest themselves.
[9] Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as –
A.
Wave
B.
Tornado
C.
Typhoon
D.
Cyclone
Ans:
Typhoon
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Tropical Cyclone (also known as Typhoons (in the western Pacific), Hurricanes (Atlantic), or Tropical Revolving Storms) occur all year round over the northern South China Sea. However, the "Typhoon Season" is taken to be from the Autumn transition (Oct) to the first half of the Northeast monsoon (Nov-Dec), when they occur most frequently in the South China Sea.
[10] Black soil is mainly related with the crop of –
A.
cotton
B.
sugarcane
C.
tea
D.
coffee
Ans:
cotton
Explanation :
Black soils, locally called regard or black cotton soils, and internationally known as 'tropical black earths' or 'tropical chernozems' have been developed by the weathering of the Deccan lava in India. They are highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet, considerably contracted developing deep wide cracks on drying and self-ploughing and are credited with high fertility of crops like cotton.
[11] Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
A.
Taiga
B.
Alpine
C.
Tundra
D.
Chapparal
Ans:
Tundra
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Polar climates feature long and dark winter periods with extremely cold temperatures. Rainfall is low, and the deeper soil layers stay frozen all year round. These harsh conditions combined result in treeless, sparse vegetation, which includes shrubs, lichens and mosses, during summer months. This typical vegetation linked to polar climates is called tundra
[12] Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
A.
Climatic conditions
B.
Soil conditions
C.
Environmental conditions
D.
Social conditions
Ans:
Climatic conditions
Explanation :
The development of plants into diverse and distinctive forms is mainly due to climatic fact ors such as temperature, precipitation, etc, which arc in turn responsible for the variations in soil types. As seen in Koeppen's classification, we can identify different climates by the types of plants that grow there.
[13] The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as –
A.
Pedocals
B.
Pedalfers
C.
Podsols
D.
Laterites
Ans:
Pedocals
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Terra Rossa' in Latin or Italian language is another name for "Red Soil" or "Red Terrain". It is a type of red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone. Terra Rossa is typically found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
[14] Soil erosion can be prevented by –
A.
Increasing bird population
B.
Afforestation
C.
Removal of vegetation
D.
Overgrazing
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion takes place when the soil is blown away by the wind or washed away by the rain. Afforestation or planting trees can check soil erosion as roots of trees/plants hold the soil. Thus, when more trees are planted their roots don't allow the soil to be blown or washed away and prevent soil erosion.
[15] Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
A.
Pacific Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
The Great Barrier Reef is located off the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia in the Coral Sea in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world's largest coral reef system, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2.300 kilometres over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres.
[16] A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
A.
Strait
B.
Sound
C.
Bay
D.
Fjord
Ans:
Bay
Explanation :
Bay is inlet of the sea or other body of water usually smaller than a gulf. It refers to the concavity of a coastline or reentrant of the sea, formed by the movements of either the sea or a lake. A bay is usually located where more easily eroded rocks are bounded by harder and more resistant formations made from igneous rocks.
[17] Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India?
A.
Western disturbances
B.
Norwesters
C.
Loo
D.
Mango showers
Ans:
Western disturbances
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Western Disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. Jet streams play an important role in bringing these disturbances to India. Western disturbances are generally active from December to February.
[18] Which layer of the earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Troposphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Stratosphere
Explanation :
The ozone layer is a region of Earth's stratosphere. It is mainly found in the lower portion of the strato- sphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. The ozone layer absorbs 97 to 99 percent of the Sun's medium-frequency ultraviolet light (200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which other-wise would be harmful to exposed life forms on the earth.
[19] The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following?
A.
Igneous Rock
B.
Granite Rock
C.
Basalt Rock
D.
Magnetite
Ans:
Igneous Rock
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma (or lava). As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize. There are over 700 known types of igneous rock, the majority of which are formed beneath the surface of the Earth's crust. However, some are also formed on the surface as a result of volcanic activity.
[20] Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called –
A.
Drizzle
B.
Hail
C.
Sleet
D.
Snow
Ans:
Sleet
Explanation :
Sleet is precipitation composed of rain and partially melted snow. It forms when rain, while falling to the earth, passes through a layer of cold air and freezes. Sleet occurs when the temperature in the lowest part of the atmosphere is slightly above the freezing point of water (0 °C).
[21] The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by –
A.
Igneous rock
B.
Sedimentary rock
C.
Metamorphic rock
D.
Biological degradation
Ans:
Sedimentary rock
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by Sedimentary rock.
[22] In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by –
A.
Tree plantation/afforestation
B.
Crop rotation
C.
Contour ploughing
D.
Using farm manure
Ans:
Tree plantation/afforestation
Explanation :
Soil erosion in a desert region can be checked by tree plantation and afforestation.
[23] Laterite soil develops as a result of :
A.
deposits of alluvial
B.
deposits of loess
C.
leaching
D.
continued vegetation cover
Ans:
leaching
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
[24] The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is–
A.
Gravitational water
B.
Capillary water
C.
Hygroscopic water
D.
Combined water
Ans:
Capillary water
Explanation :
Capillarity is the primary force that enables the soil to retain water, as well as to regulate its movement. The phenomenon of capillarity also occurs in the soil. In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. Gravitational water occupies the larger soil pores (macro pores) and moves down readily under the force of gravity. Water in excess of the field capacity is termed gravitational water. Gravitational water is of no use to plants because it occupies the larger pores. It reduces aeration in the soil.
[25] Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Carbon-dioxide
D.
Ozone
Ans:
Carbon-dioxide
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
Explanation :
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere- are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.