[1] Instrument used for measuring area on maps is called –
A.
Planimeter
B.
Eidograph
C.
Pantograph
D.
Opisometer
Ans:
Planimeter
Explanation :
The planimeter is a drafting instrument used to measure the area of a graphically represented planar region. The region being measured may have any irregular shape, making this instrument remarkably versatile. In this age of CAD and digital images, the planimeter is heading toward obsolescence, but not just yet. They are still being manufactured.
[2] The land of maximum biodiversity is –
A.
Tropical
B.
Temperate
C.
Monsoonal
D.
Equatorial
Ans:
Tropical
Explanation :
A tropical rainforest is an ecosystem type that occurs roughly within the latitudes 28 degrees north or south of the equator (in the equatorial zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn). This ecosystem experiences high average temperatures and a significant amount of rainfall. Tropical rainforests are unique in the high levels of biodiversity they exhibit. Around, 40% to 75% of all biotic species are indigenous to the rainforests. Rainforests are home to half of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. Two-thirds of all flowering plants can be found in rainforests.
[3] Which planets do not have satellites revolving around them?
A.
Mars and Venus
B.
Mercury and Venus
C.
Mars and Mercury
D.
Neptune and Pluto
Ans:
Mercury and Venus
Explanation :
Of the nine planets, only Venus and Mercury have no known natural satellites. A total of 139 moons, or natural satellites, can be found in the vast solar system.
[4] Biggest planet of solar system is –
A.
Earth
B.
Mars
C.
Saturn
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Jupiter
Explanation :
Jupiter is the biggest planet in our Solar System. It is the largest by mass, volume, and surface area among other statistics. Here are the critical measurements of Jupiter as well as a few other interesting facts about the planet and other bodies in the Jovian system.
[5] Which is the second nearest star to the Earth after the Sun?
A.
Vega
B.
Sirius
C.
Proxima Centauri
D.
Alpha Centauri
Ans:
Proxima Centauri
Explanation :
As the nearest star from our Solar System, Proxima Centauri is a prime candidate for future interstellar travel and space colonization missions. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star about 4.24 light-years distant inside the G-cloud in the constellation of Centaurus. It was discovered in 1915 by Robert Innes, the Director of the Union Observatory in South Africa, and is the nearest known star to the Sun, although it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
[6] On which of the following planets water cycle is available?
A.
Jupiter
B.
Earth
C.
Mars
D.
Venus
Ans:
Earth
Explanation :
The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or H2O cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, individual water molecules can come and go, in and out of the atmosphere. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and subsurface flow. In so doing, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor).
[7] The asteroids revolve round the Sun in between :
A.
Earth and Mars
B.
Mars and Jupiter
C.
Jupiter and Saturn
D.
Saturn and Uranus
Ans:
Mars and Jupiter
Explanation :
Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are small, rocky fragments left over from the formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Most of this ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids range in size from Ceres, about 952 km (592 miles) in diameter, to bodies that are less than 1 km across. The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of Earth's Moon.
[8] The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries?
A.
Kenya
B.
Mexico
C.
Indonesia
D.
Brazil
Ans:
Mexico
Explanation :
The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
[9] The majority of Earth's crust is composed of which rock?
A.
Igneous
B.
Metamorphic
C.
Sedimentary
D.
Carbonate
Ans:
Igneous
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The planimeter is a drafting instrument used to measure the area of a graphically represented planar region. The region being measured may have any irregular shape, making this instrument remarkably versatile. In this age of CAD and digital images, the planimeter is heading toward obsolescence, but not just yet. They are still being manufactured.
[2] The land of maximum biodiversity is –
A.
Tropical
B.
Temperate
C.
Monsoonal
D.
Equatorial
Ans:
Tropical
Explanation :
A tropical rainforest is an ecosystem type that occurs roughly within the latitudes 28 degrees north or south of the equator (in the equatorial zone between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn). This ecosystem experiences high average temperatures and a significant amount of rainfall. Tropical rainforests are unique in the high levels of biodiversity they exhibit. Around, 40% to 75% of all biotic species are indigenous to the rainforests. Rainforests are home to half of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. Two-thirds of all flowering plants can be found in rainforests.
[3] Which planets do not have satellites revolving around them?
A.
Mars and Venus
B.
Mercury and Venus
C.
Mars and Mercury
D.
Neptune and Pluto
Ans:
Mercury and Venus
Explanation :
Of the nine planets, only Venus and Mercury have no known natural satellites. A total of 139 moons, or natural satellites, can be found in the vast solar system.
[4] Biggest planet of solar system is –
A.
Earth
B.
Mars
C.
Saturn
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Jupiter
Explanation :
Jupiter is the biggest planet in our Solar System. It is the largest by mass, volume, and surface area among other statistics. Here are the critical measurements of Jupiter as well as a few other interesting facts about the planet and other bodies in the Jovian system.
[5] Which is the second nearest star to the Earth after the Sun?
A.
Vega
B.
Sirius
C.
Proxima Centauri
D.
Alpha Centauri
Ans:
Proxima Centauri
Explanation :
As the nearest star from our Solar System, Proxima Centauri is a prime candidate for future interstellar travel and space colonization missions. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star about 4.24 light-years distant inside the G-cloud in the constellation of Centaurus. It was discovered in 1915 by Robert Innes, the Director of the Union Observatory in South Africa, and is the nearest known star to the Sun, although it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
[6] On which of the following planets water cycle is available?
A.
Jupiter
B.
Earth
C.
Mars
D.
Venus
Ans:
Earth
Explanation :
The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or H2O cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, individual water molecules can come and go, in and out of the atmosphere. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and subsurface flow. In so doing, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor).
[7] The asteroids revolve round the Sun in between :
A.
Earth and Mars
B.
Mars and Jupiter
C.
Jupiter and Saturn
D.
Saturn and Uranus
Ans:
Mars and Jupiter
Explanation :
Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are small, rocky fragments left over from the formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Most of this ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids range in size from Ceres, about 952 km (592 miles) in diameter, to bodies that are less than 1 km across. The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of Earth's Moon.
[8] The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries?
A.
Kenya
B.
Mexico
C.
Indonesia
D.
Brazil
Ans:
Mexico
Explanation :
The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
[9] The majority of Earth's crust is composed of which rock?
A.
Igneous
B.
Metamorphic
C.
Sedimentary
D.
Carbonate
Ans:
Igneous
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
Of the nine planets, only Venus and Mercury have no known natural satellites. A total of 139 moons, or natural satellites, can be found in the vast solar system.
[4] Biggest planet of solar system is –
A.
Earth
B.
Mars
C.
Saturn
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Jupiter
Explanation :
Jupiter is the biggest planet in our Solar System. It is the largest by mass, volume, and surface area among other statistics. Here are the critical measurements of Jupiter as well as a few other interesting facts about the planet and other bodies in the Jovian system.
[5] Which is the second nearest star to the Earth after the Sun?
A.
Vega
B.
Sirius
C.
Proxima Centauri
D.
Alpha Centauri
Ans:
Proxima Centauri
Explanation :
As the nearest star from our Solar System, Proxima Centauri is a prime candidate for future interstellar travel and space colonization missions. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star about 4.24 light-years distant inside the G-cloud in the constellation of Centaurus. It was discovered in 1915 by Robert Innes, the Director of the Union Observatory in South Africa, and is the nearest known star to the Sun, although it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
[6] On which of the following planets water cycle is available?
A.
Jupiter
B.
Earth
C.
Mars
D.
Venus
Ans:
Earth
Explanation :
The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or H2O cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, individual water molecules can come and go, in and out of the atmosphere. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and subsurface flow. In so doing, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor).
[7] The asteroids revolve round the Sun in between :
A.
Earth and Mars
B.
Mars and Jupiter
C.
Jupiter and Saturn
D.
Saturn and Uranus
Ans:
Mars and Jupiter
Explanation :
Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are small, rocky fragments left over from the formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Most of this ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids range in size from Ceres, about 952 km (592 miles) in diameter, to bodies that are less than 1 km across. The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of Earth's Moon.
[8] The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries?
A.
Kenya
B.
Mexico
C.
Indonesia
D.
Brazil
Ans:
Mexico
Explanation :
The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
[9] The majority of Earth's crust is composed of which rock?
A.
Igneous
B.
Metamorphic
C.
Sedimentary
D.
Carbonate
Ans:
Igneous
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
As the nearest star from our Solar System, Proxima Centauri is a prime candidate for future interstellar travel and space colonization missions. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star about 4.24 light-years distant inside the G-cloud in the constellation of Centaurus. It was discovered in 1915 by Robert Innes, the Director of the Union Observatory in South Africa, and is the nearest known star to the Sun, although it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
[6] On which of the following planets water cycle is available?
A.
Jupiter
B.
Earth
C.
Mars
D.
Venus
Ans:
Earth
Explanation :
The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or H2O cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, individual water molecules can come and go, in and out of the atmosphere. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and subsurface flow. In so doing, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor).
[7] The asteroids revolve round the Sun in between :
A.
Earth and Mars
B.
Mars and Jupiter
C.
Jupiter and Saturn
D.
Saturn and Uranus
Ans:
Mars and Jupiter
Explanation :
Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are small, rocky fragments left over from the formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Most of this ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids range in size from Ceres, about 952 km (592 miles) in diameter, to bodies that are less than 1 km across. The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of Earth's Moon.
[8] The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries?
A.
Kenya
B.
Mexico
C.
Indonesia
D.
Brazil
Ans:
Mexico
Explanation :
The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
[9] The majority of Earth's crust is composed of which rock?
A.
Igneous
B.
Metamorphic
C.
Sedimentary
D.
Carbonate
Ans:
Igneous
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are small, rocky fragments left over from the formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Most of this ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids range in size from Ceres, about 952 km (592 miles) in diameter, to bodies that are less than 1 km across. The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of Earth's Moon.
[8] The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries?
A.
Kenya
B.
Mexico
C.
Indonesia
D.
Brazil
Ans:
Mexico
Explanation :
The equator passes through 13 countries: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao Tome & Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
[9] The majority of Earth's crust is composed of which rock?
A.
Igneous
B.
Metamorphic
C.
Sedimentary
D.
Carbonate
Ans:
Igneous
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The Earth is composed predominantly of a large mass of igneous rock with a very thin veneer of weathered material—namely, sedimentary rock.
[10] The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as –
A.
6000 °C
B.
12000 °C
C.
18000 °C
D.
24000 °C
Ans:
6000 °C
Explanation :
The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. The photosphere is 340 miles thick and it's temperature s range from 5,500°C to 6,000°C. It has dark spots called sunspots which are the only solar activity observable by the naked eye.
[11] Sink hole is a phenomenon of topography.
A.
Plain
B.
Desert
C.
Tundra
D.
Karst
Ans:
Karst
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The course of a river from its source to its mouth is normally divided into 3 sections, namely upper, middle and lower courses. Action of the river on its valley from source to mouth in relation to the features developed by it is seen in the river valley profile, known as graded profile. Throughout the long profile of a river, deposition and erosion are balanced meaning that, given enough time, the river's long profile would become a smooth, concave, graded profile from its source to mouth.
[12] Earthquakes are caused by –
A.
Denudation
B.
Tectonism
C.
Earth revolution
D.
Earth rotation
Ans:
Tectonism
Explanation :
Earthquakes result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Most occur along plate boundaries. Tectonic earth-quakes occur anywhere in the earth where there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane.
[13] The formation of 'Mushroom rock' in desert region is an example of –
A.
Deflation
B.
Attrition
C.
Abrasion
D.
Erosion
Ans:
Abrasion
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The rocks having broad upper part and narrow base resembling an umbrella or mushroom are called mushroom rocks or pedestal rocks. These undercut, mushroom-shaped rocks are formed due to abrasive works of wind.
[14] Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock?
A.
Granite
B.
Charnockite
C.
Basalt
D.
Arkose
Ans:
Arkose
Explanation :
Arkose is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. It is commonly coarse-grained and usually either pink of gray (depending on the color of feldspar).
[15] Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster?
A.
Earthquake
B.
Cyclone
C.
Tornado
D.
Hurricane
Ans:
Earthquake
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
Despite rapid advances in earth sciences and technology, it is hard to predict the exact timing of an earthquake. The suddenness associated with earthquakes is the main reason behind severe damage to life and property. Due to the general unpredictability of earthquakes, it is best to stress the importance of planning ahead.
[16] The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called –
A.
Peaks
B.
Dunes
C.
Plateaus
D.
Passes
Ans:
Passes
Explanation :
A Mountain pass is a route through a mountain range or over a ridge. Since many of the world's mountain ranges have presented formidable barriers to travel, passes have been important since before recorded history, and have played a key role in trade, war, and migration.
[17] The word `dendlitic' is associated with—
A.
wind
B.
waves
C.
rivers
D.
glaciers
Ans:
rivers
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
Dendritic drainage systems are the most common form of drainage system, The term Dendritic comes from the Latin word "dendron", meaning tree, due to the resemblance of the system to a tree. In a dendritic system there is one main river (like the trunk of a tree), which is joined and formed by many smaller tributary rivers. Dendritic systems form in V-shaped valleys; as a result, the rock types must be impervious and non-porous.
[18] When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called–
A.
Aphelion
B.
Perihelion
C.
Equinox
D.
Sidereal
Ans:
Aphelion
Explanation :
Aphelion is the point in the path of a celestial body (as a planet) that is farthest from the sun. Its opposite is Perihelion which is the point on its orbit when the Earth is closest to the sun.
[19] Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate –
A.
The distance between the sun and the earth
B.
The depth of the ocean
C.
The radius of the earth
D.
The radius of the sun
Ans:
The radius of the earth
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
A method is described whereby, using primitive equipment anyone can measure the size of the earth to an accuracy of order of magnitude 10% by observing two sunsets in the space of a few seconds.
[20] What is the International Date Line?
A.
It is the equator
B.
It is the 0° longitude
C.
It is the 90° east longitude
D.
It is the 180° longitude
Ans:
It is the 180° longitude
Explanation :
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates to pass around some territories and island groups.
[21] Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in –
A.
River Valleys
B.
Mountain tops
C.
Coastal areas
D.
Deserts
Ans:
Deserts
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal or a pedestal rock, is a naturally occurring rock whose shape, as its name implies, strikingly resembles a mushroom. Usually found in desert areas, these rocks are formed over thousands of years when wind erosion of an isolated rocky outcrop progresses at a different rate at its bottom to that at its top.
[22] Basaltic lava is found in the –
A.
Deccan Trap
B.
Himalayas
C.
Indo-Gangetic Plain
D.
North-Eastern Hills
Ans:
Deccan Trap
Explanation :
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India (between 17°-24°N, 73°-74°E) and one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. They consist of multiple layers of solidified flood basalt that together are more than 2,000 in (6,562 ft) thick and cover an area of 500,000 km2 (193,051 sq mi) and a volume of 512,000 km3 (123,000 cu mi). The term "trap", used in geology for such rock formations, is derived from the Swedish word for stairs and refers to the step-like hills forming the landscape of the region.
[23] The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth's surface is known as–
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Exosphere
C.
Ionosphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Exosphere
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The Radio waves are reflected back to Earth in the Ionosphere which is an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. This process is used to communicate beyond the horizon, at intercontinental distances, mostly in the shortwave frequency bands.
[24] The climatic zones are classified on the basis of –
A.
distance from the equator
B.
elevation
C.
rainfall
D.
distance from the sea
Ans:
rainfall
Explanation :
The climatic zones are classified on the basis of maximum and minimum temperatures and the temperature range as well as the total and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Based on these parameters, the most commonly used classification scheme was originally developed by Wladimir Koppen.
[25] The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Mesosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere. The air is very well mixed and the temperature decreases with altitude.