[1] The deflection of the winds to the right in the northern hemisphere is caused by :
A.
revolution of the earth
B.
rotation of the earth
C.
uneven heating of the earth
D.
All the above
Ans:
rotation of the earth
Explanation :
If the Earth didn't rotate, winds would travel either north or south due to differences in temperature and pressure at different latitudes. But since the Earth does rotate, the Coriolis force deflects these winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. The Coriolis Effect is caused by the rotation of the Earth and the inertia of the mass experiencing the effect. Because the Earth completes only one rotation per day, the Coriolis force is quite small, and its effects generally become noticeable only for motions occurring over large distances and long periods of time, such as large-scale movement of air in the atmosphere or water in the ocean.
[2] Waves approaching the shore is known as –
A.
Swash
B.
Tsunami
C.
Currents
D.
Tide
Ans:
Tsunami
Explanation :
Tsunamis have a small amplitude (wave height) offshore, and a very long wavelength (often hundreds of kilometers long, whereas normal ocean waves have a wavelength of only 30 or 40 metres), which is why they generally pass unnoticed at sea, forming only a slight swell usually about 300 millimetres above the normal sea surface. They grow in height when they reach shallower water or the coast.
[3] Atoll is a kind of –
A.
sand-dune
B.
lake
C.
sandbar
D.
inland sea
Ans:
inland sea
Explanation :
Atoll is a coral island (or islands) that encircle a lagoon partially or completely. It is formed when the island sinks below the sea, and the barrier reef becomes an atoll enclosing an open lagoon. So in a way it is a kind of inland sea which is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level.
[4] A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is _ .
A.
Estuary
B.
Delta
C.
Gulf
D.
Bay
Ans:
Estuary
Explanation :
Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and ocean environments and are subject to both marine influences, such as tides, waves, and the influx of saline water; and riverine influences, such as flows of fresh water and sediment. The inflow of both seawater and freshwater provide high levels of nutrients in both the water column and sediment, making estuaries among the most productive natural habitats in the world.
[5] The deepest ocean of the world is –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Arctic Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galapagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
[6] Mountain soil contains a lot of—
A.
humus
B.
clay
C.
coase material
D.
iron and aluminium salt
Ans:
humus
Explanation :
The distribution of mountain soils is subject mainly to a vertical (elevation) zonation; the soils change with ascent into the mountains depending on changes in climatic conditions. Most mountain soils form on very steep slopes where, as a result of denudation processes, their shallowness, gravel-like quality, and wealth of primary minerals may be observed. Mountain soils are those which are found in depressions and valley basins or on slightly inclined mountain slopes. It consists of sandstones, clay, shales and limestones. It has the maximum humus content and is thus, very fertile. It is found in Himalayan regions and north-east India.
[7] Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?
A.
Contour ploughing
B.
Dry farming
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Shifting agriculture
Ans:
Shifting agriculture
Explanation :
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned. It is also known as slash and burn cultivation. This system offer involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming, until the soil loses fertility. Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
[8] Source of energy in ecosystem is –
A.
Sun
B.
Green plants
C.
Sugar produced in photosynthesis
D.
ATP
Ans:
Sun
Explanation :
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.
[9] Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
A.
Nuclear energy
B.
Solar Energy
C.
Wind energy
D.
Tidal power
Ans:
Nuclear energy
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
If the Earth didn't rotate, winds would travel either north or south due to differences in temperature and pressure at different latitudes. But since the Earth does rotate, the Coriolis force deflects these winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. The Coriolis Effect is caused by the rotation of the Earth and the inertia of the mass experiencing the effect. Because the Earth completes only one rotation per day, the Coriolis force is quite small, and its effects generally become noticeable only for motions occurring over large distances and long periods of time, such as large-scale movement of air in the atmosphere or water in the ocean.
[2] Waves approaching the shore is known as –
A.
Swash
B.
Tsunami
C.
Currents
D.
Tide
Ans:
Tsunami
Explanation :
Tsunamis have a small amplitude (wave height) offshore, and a very long wavelength (often hundreds of kilometers long, whereas normal ocean waves have a wavelength of only 30 or 40 metres), which is why they generally pass unnoticed at sea, forming only a slight swell usually about 300 millimetres above the normal sea surface. They grow in height when they reach shallower water or the coast.
[3] Atoll is a kind of –
A.
sand-dune
B.
lake
C.
sandbar
D.
inland sea
Ans:
inland sea
Explanation :
Atoll is a coral island (or islands) that encircle a lagoon partially or completely. It is formed when the island sinks below the sea, and the barrier reef becomes an atoll enclosing an open lagoon. So in a way it is a kind of inland sea which is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level.
[4] A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is _ .
A.
Estuary
B.
Delta
C.
Gulf
D.
Bay
Ans:
Estuary
Explanation :
Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and ocean environments and are subject to both marine influences, such as tides, waves, and the influx of saline water; and riverine influences, such as flows of fresh water and sediment. The inflow of both seawater and freshwater provide high levels of nutrients in both the water column and sediment, making estuaries among the most productive natural habitats in the world.
[5] The deepest ocean of the world is –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Arctic Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galapagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
[6] Mountain soil contains a lot of—
A.
humus
B.
clay
C.
coase material
D.
iron and aluminium salt
Ans:
humus
Explanation :
The distribution of mountain soils is subject mainly to a vertical (elevation) zonation; the soils change with ascent into the mountains depending on changes in climatic conditions. Most mountain soils form on very steep slopes where, as a result of denudation processes, their shallowness, gravel-like quality, and wealth of primary minerals may be observed. Mountain soils are those which are found in depressions and valley basins or on slightly inclined mountain slopes. It consists of sandstones, clay, shales and limestones. It has the maximum humus content and is thus, very fertile. It is found in Himalayan regions and north-east India.
[7] Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?
A.
Contour ploughing
B.
Dry farming
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Shifting agriculture
Ans:
Shifting agriculture
Explanation :
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned. It is also known as slash and burn cultivation. This system offer involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming, until the soil loses fertility. Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
[8] Source of energy in ecosystem is –
A.
Sun
B.
Green plants
C.
Sugar produced in photosynthesis
D.
ATP
Ans:
Sun
Explanation :
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.
[9] Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
A.
Nuclear energy
B.
Solar Energy
C.
Wind energy
D.
Tidal power
Ans:
Nuclear energy
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Atoll is a coral island (or islands) that encircle a lagoon partially or completely. It is formed when the island sinks below the sea, and the barrier reef becomes an atoll enclosing an open lagoon. So in a way it is a kind of inland sea which is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level.
[4] A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is _ .
A.
Estuary
B.
Delta
C.
Gulf
D.
Bay
Ans:
Estuary
Explanation :
Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and ocean environments and are subject to both marine influences, such as tides, waves, and the influx of saline water; and riverine influences, such as flows of fresh water and sediment. The inflow of both seawater and freshwater provide high levels of nutrients in both the water column and sediment, making estuaries among the most productive natural habitats in the world.
[5] The deepest ocean of the world is –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Arctic Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galapagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
[6] Mountain soil contains a lot of—
A.
humus
B.
clay
C.
coase material
D.
iron and aluminium salt
Ans:
humus
Explanation :
The distribution of mountain soils is subject mainly to a vertical (elevation) zonation; the soils change with ascent into the mountains depending on changes in climatic conditions. Most mountain soils form on very steep slopes where, as a result of denudation processes, their shallowness, gravel-like quality, and wealth of primary minerals may be observed. Mountain soils are those which are found in depressions and valley basins or on slightly inclined mountain slopes. It consists of sandstones, clay, shales and limestones. It has the maximum humus content and is thus, very fertile. It is found in Himalayan regions and north-east India.
[7] Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?
A.
Contour ploughing
B.
Dry farming
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Shifting agriculture
Ans:
Shifting agriculture
Explanation :
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned. It is also known as slash and burn cultivation. This system offer involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming, until the soil loses fertility. Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
[8] Source of energy in ecosystem is –
A.
Sun
B.
Green plants
C.
Sugar produced in photosynthesis
D.
ATP
Ans:
Sun
Explanation :
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.
[9] Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
A.
Nuclear energy
B.
Solar Energy
C.
Wind energy
D.
Tidal power
Ans:
Nuclear energy
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galapagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
[6] Mountain soil contains a lot of—
A.
humus
B.
clay
C.
coase material
D.
iron and aluminium salt
Ans:
humus
Explanation :
The distribution of mountain soils is subject mainly to a vertical (elevation) zonation; the soils change with ascent into the mountains depending on changes in climatic conditions. Most mountain soils form on very steep slopes where, as a result of denudation processes, their shallowness, gravel-like quality, and wealth of primary minerals may be observed. Mountain soils are those which are found in depressions and valley basins or on slightly inclined mountain slopes. It consists of sandstones, clay, shales and limestones. It has the maximum humus content and is thus, very fertile. It is found in Himalayan regions and north-east India.
[7] Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?
A.
Contour ploughing
B.
Dry farming
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Shifting agriculture
Ans:
Shifting agriculture
Explanation :
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned. It is also known as slash and burn cultivation. This system offer involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming, until the soil loses fertility. Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
[8] Source of energy in ecosystem is –
A.
Sun
B.
Green plants
C.
Sugar produced in photosynthesis
D.
ATP
Ans:
Sun
Explanation :
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.
[9] Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
A.
Nuclear energy
B.
Solar Energy
C.
Wind energy
D.
Tidal power
Ans:
Nuclear energy
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned. It is also known as slash and burn cultivation. This system offer involves clearing of a piece of land followed by several years of wood harvesting or farming, until the soil loses fertility. Once the land becomes inadequate for crop production, it is left to be reclaimed by natural vegetation, or sometimes converted to a different long-term cyclical farming practice.
[8] Source of energy in ecosystem is –
A.
Sun
B.
Green plants
C.
Sugar produced in photosynthesis
D.
ATP
Ans:
Sun
Explanation :
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.
[9] Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
A.
Nuclear energy
B.
Solar Energy
C.
Wind energy
D.
Tidal power
Ans:
Nuclear energy
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste as well as human excreta is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure. Nuclear energy usually means the part of the energy of an atomic nucleus, which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive decay.
[10] Day and Night are equal at the:
A.
Prime Meridian
B.
Antarctic
C.
Poles
D.
Eqator
Ans:
Eqator
Explanation :
The equator receives equal day and night through-out the year because it does not tilt in relation to the sun's location. Because of the tilted axis of the Earth, the poles and locations away from the equator lean towards or away from the sun as an orbit is completed, while the equator stays in essentially the same location relative to the sun.
[11] Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
A.
Mars
B.
Jupiter
C.
Venus
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Venus orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 0.72 AU (108,000,000 km), and completes an orbit every 224.65 days. Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 0.01.
[12] Solar energy is received by the earth through –
A.
conduction
B.
radiation
C.
convection
D.
refraction
Ans:
radiation
Explanation :
In physics, radiation is a process in which energetic particles or energetic, waves travel through vacuum, or through matter-containing media that are not required for their propagation. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere.
[13] Brightest planet in our solar system is –
A.
Venus
B.
Mercury
C.
Mars
D.
Jupiter
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Venus has the highest albedo of any planet in our solar system. Venus is so bright partly because it reflects over 70 per cent of sunlight striking it. It owes its reflective ability to the fact that it's blanketed with clouds. Sunlight bouncing from these clouds is what makes Venus so bright.
[14] The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by –
A.
Galileo
B.
Maarten Schmidt
C.
Marconi
D.
Newton
Ans:
Galileo
Explanation :
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system. This name derives from its appearance as a dim "milky" glowing band arching across the night sky, in which the naked eye cannot distinguish individual stars. Observational evidence for the Milky Way being made up of distant stars first came when Galileo pointed his telescope towards the Milky Way, observing a large amount of faint stars.
[15] In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
A.
road repairs and construction
B.
land slides
C.
tree felling
D.
traffic congestion
Ans:
land slides
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Heavy rainfall often causes landslides in hilly regions blocking roads as a result and cutting off towns Huge amounts of debris block access, hampering traffic and affecting businesses.
[16] Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
A.
usar
B.
reh
C.
erg
D.
reg
Ans:
reh
Explanation :
Reh refers to a mixture of soluble sodium salts appearing as efflorescence on the ground in arid or semiarid regions in India. It covers the land in the form of a white layer. It is also known as Kallar.
[17] If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body –
A.
decreases
B.
increases
C.
remains the same
D.
may increase or decrease
Ans:
decreases
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
The weight of a body on the earth is the amount of gravitational pull on it exerted by the earth. Similarly there is another force exerted on a body on earth, that is centrifugal force due to its rotation which tries to move the body away from the centre of the earth and its maximum at the equator as the velocity of rotation is maximum at the equator of the earth. The gravitational force is balanced by the centrifugal force. With the increase in the speed of rotation of the earth the body at the equator will come more under the influence of the centrifugal force and the weight of the body will seem to have decreased.
[18] The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
A.
Spit
B.
Beach
C.
Cave
D.
Barrier island
Ans:
Cave
Explanation :
Cliffs, caves, arches, stacks are some of the landforms produced by wave erosion. Coves form where rock runs in bands horizontal to the direction of wave attack. There is a band of resistant rock closest to the sea and a band of less resistant rock inland. The waves seek out faults in the hard rock and erodes using the processes of abrasion/corrosion and hydraulic action through to the soft rock behind.
[19] In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth's shadow is divided into –
A.
Five parts
B.
Four parts
C.
Two parts
D.
Three parts
Ans:
Three parts
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
An eclipse occurs when a star (such as Sun) aligns with two celestial bodies, such as a planet and a moon. The closer body casts a shadow that intersects the more distant body. This means that "things get dark." The region of shadow is divided into an umbra, where the light from the star is completely blocked, and a penumbra, where only a portion of the light is blocked. Beyond the end of the umbra is a region called the antumbra. For an observer inside the antumbra of a solar eclipse, for example, the moon appears smaller than the sun, resulting in an annular eclipse.
[20] Rift Valley is formed –
A.
between two anticlines
B.
between two faults
C.
erosion of synclinal basin
D.
due to volcanic eruption
Ans:
between two faults
Explanation :
A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. It is formed by the subsidence of a segment of the Earth's crust between dip-slip, or normal, faults.
[21] Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
A.
Cliffs
B.
Cirques
C.
Dunes
D.
Hamadas
Ans:
Dunes
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Cliff is a high and extremely steep rock face that approaches the vertical, either inland or along a coastline. Cirque refers to a deep rounded hollow having steep sides, formed through erosion by snow and ice. Dune is a hill or ridge of sand accumulated and sorted by wind action.
[22] The rate of deforestation is high in –
A.
Tropical zone
B.
Desert areas
C.
Temperate zone
D.
Boreal forest
Ans:
Temperate zone
Explanation :
The rate of deforestation is high in Temperate Zone.
[23] One of the following is not the result of underground water action –
A.
Stalactites
B.
Stalagmites
C.
Sink holes
D.
Fiords
Ans:
Fiords
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by rebound of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed. Both the whole coast of Norway and the island of Greenland have many fjords.
[24] The innermost layer of the earth is known as –
A.
Lithosphere
B.
Mesosphere
C.
Asthenosphere
D.
Barysphere
Ans:
Asthenosphere
Explanation :
The inner core is the innermost physical layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is the highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductilely-deforming region of the upper mantle of the Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at depths between 100 and 200 km below the surface, but perhaps extending as deep as 700 km.
[25] The 'Pacific Ring of Fire' is associated with –
A.
oil well fires
B.
thermal power station
C.
volcanoes and earthquakes
D.
forest fires
Ans:
volcanoes and earthquakes
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.
Explanation :
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. The Ring of Fire has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire.