[1] The area which is resistant to any massive structural transformation is called –
A.
rigid mass
B.
ancient landmass
C.
tectonic plate
D.
shield
Ans:
shield
Explanation :
A shield is generally a large area of exposed Precambrian crystalline igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks that form tectonically stable areas. They are resistant to geological structural transformation. They are normally the nucleus of continents.
[2] Lake formed in a cut off river, meander is called:
A.
Playa Lake
B.
Meteoric Lake
C.
Ox-Bow Lake
D.
Crater Lake
Ans:
Ox-Bow Lake
Explanation :
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped body of water formed when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off to create a lake. This landform is called an oxbow lake for the distinctive curved shape, named after part of a yoke for oxen.
[3] Sandstone is metamorphosed to:
A.
Shale
B.
Slate
C.
Quartzite
D.
Marble
Ans:
Quartzite
Explanation :
Sandstone can be turned into a metamorphic rock by being either heated up to a point where it undergoes a significant change or subjected to high pressures, or subjected to chemically active fluids, or some combination thereof. A common result of the metamorphosis of sandstone is the creation of quartzite.
[4] The greatest erosive power of a river is associated with –
A.
gorges
B.
meanders
C.
inter-locking spurs
D.
V-shaped valley
Ans:
meanders
Explanation :
Erosive power of a stream is proportional to the square of the velocity. Thus, when discharge increases, the depth increases and the velocity increases, resulting in dramatic increase of erosive power. As the volume flowing in a stream increases, the stream's erosive power also increases. At a bend in a stream the water's momentum carries the mass of the water against the outer bank. The greater depth on the outer side of the bend also leads to higher velocity at the outer bank. The greater velocity combined with the greater inertial force on the outer bank erodes a deeper channel. The result of all these actions is a meander
[5] Prime Meridian passes through –
A.
Greenwich
B.
Ujjain
C.
New York
D.
Tokyo
Ans:
Greenwich
Explanation :
A prime meridian is a meridian, i.e. a line of longitude, at which longitude is defined to be 0°. An international conference in 1884 decided the prime meridian passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in southeast London, United Kingdom, known simply as the prime meridian
[6] What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?
A.
0.5
B.
0.1
C.
0.7
D.
0.3
Ans:
0.7
Explanation :
About 70% of the world's fresh water is stored as glacial ice. Only 3% water of the earth is fresh, rest 97% salted. Of that 3%, over 2% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Means less than 1% fresh water is found in lakes, rivers and underground.
[7] The approximate circumference of the Earth is –
A.
13,000 km
B.
20,000 km
C.
25,000 km
D.
30,000 km
Ans:
25,000 km
Explanation :
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 kilometers). But, if we measure the earth through the poles the circumference is a bit shorter - 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Thus, the earth is a tad wider than it is tall, giving it a slight bulge at the equator. This shape is known as an ellipsoid or more properly, geoid (earth-like).
[8] Which one of the following is igneous rock?
A.
Limestone
B.
Granite
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Granite
Explanation :
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
[9] How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?
A.
Two minutes
B.
Four minutes
C.
Six minutes
D.
Eight minutes
Ans:
Four minutes
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
A shield is generally a large area of exposed Precambrian crystalline igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks that form tectonically stable areas. They are resistant to geological structural transformation. They are normally the nucleus of continents.
[2] Lake formed in a cut off river, meander is called:
A.
Playa Lake
B.
Meteoric Lake
C.
Ox-Bow Lake
D.
Crater Lake
Ans:
Ox-Bow Lake
Explanation :
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped body of water formed when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off to create a lake. This landform is called an oxbow lake for the distinctive curved shape, named after part of a yoke for oxen.
[3] Sandstone is metamorphosed to:
A.
Shale
B.
Slate
C.
Quartzite
D.
Marble
Ans:
Quartzite
Explanation :
Sandstone can be turned into a metamorphic rock by being either heated up to a point where it undergoes a significant change or subjected to high pressures, or subjected to chemically active fluids, or some combination thereof. A common result of the metamorphosis of sandstone is the creation of quartzite.
[4] The greatest erosive power of a river is associated with –
A.
gorges
B.
meanders
C.
inter-locking spurs
D.
V-shaped valley
Ans:
meanders
Explanation :
Erosive power of a stream is proportional to the square of the velocity. Thus, when discharge increases, the depth increases and the velocity increases, resulting in dramatic increase of erosive power. As the volume flowing in a stream increases, the stream's erosive power also increases. At a bend in a stream the water's momentum carries the mass of the water against the outer bank. The greater depth on the outer side of the bend also leads to higher velocity at the outer bank. The greater velocity combined with the greater inertial force on the outer bank erodes a deeper channel. The result of all these actions is a meander
[5] Prime Meridian passes through –
A.
Greenwich
B.
Ujjain
C.
New York
D.
Tokyo
Ans:
Greenwich
Explanation :
A prime meridian is a meridian, i.e. a line of longitude, at which longitude is defined to be 0°. An international conference in 1884 decided the prime meridian passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in southeast London, United Kingdom, known simply as the prime meridian
[6] What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?
A.
0.5
B.
0.1
C.
0.7
D.
0.3
Ans:
0.7
Explanation :
About 70% of the world's fresh water is stored as glacial ice. Only 3% water of the earth is fresh, rest 97% salted. Of that 3%, over 2% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Means less than 1% fresh water is found in lakes, rivers and underground.
[7] The approximate circumference of the Earth is –
A.
13,000 km
B.
20,000 km
C.
25,000 km
D.
30,000 km
Ans:
25,000 km
Explanation :
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 kilometers). But, if we measure the earth through the poles the circumference is a bit shorter - 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Thus, the earth is a tad wider than it is tall, giving it a slight bulge at the equator. This shape is known as an ellipsoid or more properly, geoid (earth-like).
[8] Which one of the following is igneous rock?
A.
Limestone
B.
Granite
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Granite
Explanation :
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
[9] How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?
A.
Two minutes
B.
Four minutes
C.
Six minutes
D.
Eight minutes
Ans:
Four minutes
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
Sandstone can be turned into a metamorphic rock by being either heated up to a point where it undergoes a significant change or subjected to high pressures, or subjected to chemically active fluids, or some combination thereof. A common result of the metamorphosis of sandstone is the creation of quartzite.
[4] The greatest erosive power of a river is associated with –
A.
gorges
B.
meanders
C.
inter-locking spurs
D.
V-shaped valley
Ans:
meanders
Explanation :
Erosive power of a stream is proportional to the square of the velocity. Thus, when discharge increases, the depth increases and the velocity increases, resulting in dramatic increase of erosive power. As the volume flowing in a stream increases, the stream's erosive power also increases. At a bend in a stream the water's momentum carries the mass of the water against the outer bank. The greater depth on the outer side of the bend also leads to higher velocity at the outer bank. The greater velocity combined with the greater inertial force on the outer bank erodes a deeper channel. The result of all these actions is a meander
[5] Prime Meridian passes through –
A.
Greenwich
B.
Ujjain
C.
New York
D.
Tokyo
Ans:
Greenwich
Explanation :
A prime meridian is a meridian, i.e. a line of longitude, at which longitude is defined to be 0°. An international conference in 1884 decided the prime meridian passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in southeast London, United Kingdom, known simply as the prime meridian
[6] What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?
A.
0.5
B.
0.1
C.
0.7
D.
0.3
Ans:
0.7
Explanation :
About 70% of the world's fresh water is stored as glacial ice. Only 3% water of the earth is fresh, rest 97% salted. Of that 3%, over 2% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Means less than 1% fresh water is found in lakes, rivers and underground.
[7] The approximate circumference of the Earth is –
A.
13,000 km
B.
20,000 km
C.
25,000 km
D.
30,000 km
Ans:
25,000 km
Explanation :
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 kilometers). But, if we measure the earth through the poles the circumference is a bit shorter - 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Thus, the earth is a tad wider than it is tall, giving it a slight bulge at the equator. This shape is known as an ellipsoid or more properly, geoid (earth-like).
[8] Which one of the following is igneous rock?
A.
Limestone
B.
Granite
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Granite
Explanation :
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
[9] How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?
A.
Two minutes
B.
Four minutes
C.
Six minutes
D.
Eight minutes
Ans:
Four minutes
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
A prime meridian is a meridian, i.e. a line of longitude, at which longitude is defined to be 0°. An international conference in 1884 decided the prime meridian passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in southeast London, United Kingdom, known simply as the prime meridian
[6] What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?
A.
0.5
B.
0.1
C.
0.7
D.
0.3
Ans:
0.7
Explanation :
About 70% of the world's fresh water is stored as glacial ice. Only 3% water of the earth is fresh, rest 97% salted. Of that 3%, over 2% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Means less than 1% fresh water is found in lakes, rivers and underground.
[7] The approximate circumference of the Earth is –
A.
13,000 km
B.
20,000 km
C.
25,000 km
D.
30,000 km
Ans:
25,000 km
Explanation :
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 kilometers). But, if we measure the earth through the poles the circumference is a bit shorter - 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Thus, the earth is a tad wider than it is tall, giving it a slight bulge at the equator. This shape is known as an ellipsoid or more properly, geoid (earth-like).
[8] Which one of the following is igneous rock?
A.
Limestone
B.
Granite
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Granite
Explanation :
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
[9] How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?
A.
Two minutes
B.
Four minutes
C.
Six minutes
D.
Eight minutes
Ans:
Four minutes
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 kilometers). But, if we measure the earth through the poles the circumference is a bit shorter - 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km). Thus, the earth is a tad wider than it is tall, giving it a slight bulge at the equator. This shape is known as an ellipsoid or more properly, geoid (earth-like).
[8] Which one of the following is igneous rock?
A.
Limestone
B.
Granite
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Granite
Explanation :
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire) is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of pre-existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
[9] How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time?
A.
Two minutes
B.
Four minutes
C.
Six minutes
D.
Eight minutes
Ans:
Four minutes
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
The first of these ideas is the relationship between time and the rotation of the Earth. It takes an average time of 24 hours for the Earth to rotate 360 degrees. If you divide the number degrees in a circle by the number of hours in a day, we find that the Earth turns 15 degrees each hour. 360°/24 hours = 15° per hour. We can take this a step further and state that the Earth turns one degree in four minutes. 1 hour = 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree
[10] The Grand Canyon is located on the :
A.
Colorado River
B.
Rhine River
C.
Tapi River
D.
Niger River
Ans:
Colorado River
Explanation :
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is contained within and managed by Grand Canyon National Park, the Hualapai Tribal Nation, and the Havasupai Tribe. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area. A number of processes combined to create the views that we see in today's Grand Canyon. The most powerful force to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind.
[11] The vertical movement of air is termed as –
A.
wind
B.
air current
C.
air turbulence
D.
air mobility
Ans:
air current
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
An updraught or downdraught is the vertical movement of air as a weather related phenomenon. Better known as air current, they can be caused by differences in temperature, pressure, or impurity concentration. Temperature differences can cause air currents because warmer air is less dense than cooler air, causing the warmer air to appear "lighter." Rising air is associated with turbulence as it creates a low pressure on the surface.
[12] The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. Most of the phenomena we associate with day-to-day weather occur in the troposphere.
[13] Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during –
A.
Cyclones
B.
Anticyclones
C.
Lunar eclipse
D.
Solar eclipse
Ans:
Solar eclipse
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. The moon blocks out the bulk of the sun allowing us to see the chromosphere and corona.
[14] Recharging of water table depends on –
A.
amount of rainfall
B.
relief of the area
C.
vegetation of the area
D.
amount of percolation
Ans:
relief of the area
Explanation :
The water table may vary due to seasonal changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, topography and structural geology. In undeveloped regions with permeable soils that receive sufficient amounts of precipitation, the water table typically slopes toward rivers that act to drain the groundwater away and release the pressure in the aquifer for the relief of the area.
[15] The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is –
A.
Isohyet
B.
Isobar
C.
Isthumus
D.
Isotherm
Ans:
Isotherm
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
An isotherm is a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature. Therefore, all points through which an isotherm passes have the same or equal temperatures at the time indicated. Generally, isotherms representing 5°C or 10°F temperature differences are used, but any interval may be chosen.
[16] Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
A.
Ionosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Tropopause
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate is the term for the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of Lime.
[17] Mariana Trench is found in –
A.
Atlantic Ocean
B.
Pacific Ocean
C.
Indian Ocean
D.
Arctic Ocean
Ans:
Pacific Ocean
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands.
[18] Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean?
A.
Gulf stream
B.
Brazil current
C.
Peru current
D.
Canary current
Ans:
Peru current
Explanation :
The Humboldt Current , also known as the Peru Current, is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north-westward along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru. It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and can extend 1,000 kilometers offshore.
[19] Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe?
A.
Labrador current
B.
Gulf stream
C.
Canari current
D.
North Equatorial current
Ans:
North Equatorial current
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
North Equatorial Current is a significant Pacific and Atlantic Ocean current that flows east-to-west between about 10° north and 20° north. It is the southern side of a clockwise subtropical gyre. Despite its name, the North Equatorial Current is not connected to the equator. In both oceans, it is separated from the equatorial circulation by the Equatorial Countercurrent (also known as the North Equatorial Countercurrent), which flows eastward.
[20] Tsunamis are cuased by –
A.
mixing of cold and warm currents
B.
earthquakes
C.
changes in sea level
D.
volcanic eruption
Ans:
earthquakes
Explanation :
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the oveniding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck".
[21] Coffee is a –
A.
Sub- tropical shrub
B.
Warm temperate shrub
C.
Tropical shrub
D.
Cool temperate shrub
Ans:
Tropical shrub
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
Coffee grows between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. When grown in the tropics, coffee is a vigorous bush or small tree that usually grows to a height of 3-3.5 m (10-12 feet).
[22] Contour ploughing helps in –
A.
stopping floods
B.
growing crops
C.
soil conservation
D.
checking landslides
Ans:
soil conservation
Explanation :
Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. The rows form slow water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allow the water time to settle into the soil.
[23] Global warming is expected to result in –
A.
Increase in level of sea
B.
Change in crop pattern
C.
Change in coastline
D.
All of the above
Ans:
All of the above
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastically reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.
[24] Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
A.
iron ore
B.
livestock
C.
water
D.
forests
Ans:
water
Explanation :
In ecology and biology, abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) arc non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment, which affect ecosystems. Abiotic phenomena underlie all of biology. From the viewpoint of biology, abiotic factors can be classified as light or more generally radiation, temperature, water, the chemical surrounding composed of the terrestrial atmospheric gases, as well as soil. The macroscopic climate often influences each of the above. A renewable resource is a natural resource with the ability to reproduce through biological or natural processes and replenished with the passage of time. Renewable resources are part of our natural environment and form our ecosystem.
[25] The largest ecosystem of the Earth is –
A.
Biome
B.
Hydrosphere
C.
Lithosphere
D.
Biosphere
Ans:
Biome
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.
Explanation :
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes.