[1] When Granite rocks get metamorphosed, they form –
A.
Quartzite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Gneiss
Explanation :
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphosis of granite which is a sedimentary rock. Gneiss is typically associated with major mountain building episodes. It is often foliated (composed of layers of sheet-like planar structures), characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands, called "gneissic banding".
[2] Which planet in our solar system is nearly as big as the earth?
A.
Mercury
B.
Mars
C.
Venus
D.
Pluto
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus is often referred to as our sister planet because of similarities in size, mass, density and volume. It is believed that both planets share a common origin forming at the same time out of a condensing nebulosity around 4.5 billion years ago.
[3] To which natural vegetation belt do Sal and Teak trees belong?
A.
Temperate forests
B.
Equatorial forests
C.
Tropical deciduous forests
D.
Mixed forests
Ans:
Tropical deciduous forests
Explanation :
The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during the drought a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type. Teak and Sal, along with mango, bamboo, and rosewood, belong to the moist deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry season.
[4] Which of the following types of soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
A.
Black
B.
Red
C.
Laterite
D.
Mountain
Ans:
Black
Explanation :
Cotton needs a soil with a excellent water holding capacity and aeration and good drainage as it cannot withstand excessive moisture and water logging. The major groups of soils for cotton cultivation are the alluvial soils, black soils, and red sand loam. Black cotton soils are inorganic clays of medium to high compressibility and form a major soil group in India. They are characterized by high shrinkage and swelling properties. This Black cotton soils occurs mostly in the central and western parts and covers approximately 20% of the total area of India.
[5] The soil which originate under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called–
A.
Black soils
B.
Chestnut soils
C.
Chernozem soils
D.
Terra rosa soils
Ans:
Chernozem soils
Explanation :
Chernozem or black earth variety of soil is rich in organic matter in the form of humus. It is generally a modified type of loess. True chernozem is black in color, but there are various grades, shading off into gray and chestnut-brown soils. It forms in areas that have cold winters, hot summers, and rapid evaporation of precipitation; generally only tall grass is found native on chernozem.
[6] Which of the following oceans has the shape of the English alphabet S?
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Atlantic Ocean
Explanation :
Atlantic Ocean has the shape of an English alphabet S. Indian Ocean has 'M' Shape. The Arctic Ocean has 'U' shape, while the Pacific Ocean is triangular in shape.
[7] Which from the following, is a landlocked sea?
A.
Timor Sea
B.
Arafura Sea
C.
Greeland Sea
D.
Aral Sea
Ans:
Aral Sea
Explanation :
Aral sea is a land locked sea. The Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed it were diverted by Soviet Union irrigation projects. It lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. Its area is of 68,000 square kilometers. The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is "a large body of freshwater surrounded by land".
[8] The deepest ocean is –
A.
Arctic
B.
Pacific
C.
Atlantic
D.
Indian
Ans:
Pacific
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It reaches a maximum-known depth of 10.911 km at the Challenger Deep.
[9] Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a –
A.
Bay
B.
Strait
C.
Peninsula
D.
Isthmus
Ans:
Strait
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphosis of granite which is a sedimentary rock. Gneiss is typically associated with major mountain building episodes. It is often foliated (composed of layers of sheet-like planar structures), characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands, called "gneissic banding".
[2] Which planet in our solar system is nearly as big as the earth?
A.
Mercury
B.
Mars
C.
Venus
D.
Pluto
Ans:
Venus
Explanation :
Venus is often referred to as our sister planet because of similarities in size, mass, density and volume. It is believed that both planets share a common origin forming at the same time out of a condensing nebulosity around 4.5 billion years ago.
[3] To which natural vegetation belt do Sal and Teak trees belong?
A.
Temperate forests
B.
Equatorial forests
C.
Tropical deciduous forests
D.
Mixed forests
Ans:
Tropical deciduous forests
Explanation :
The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during the drought a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type. Teak and Sal, along with mango, bamboo, and rosewood, belong to the moist deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry season.
[4] Which of the following types of soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
A.
Black
B.
Red
C.
Laterite
D.
Mountain
Ans:
Black
Explanation :
Cotton needs a soil with a excellent water holding capacity and aeration and good drainage as it cannot withstand excessive moisture and water logging. The major groups of soils for cotton cultivation are the alluvial soils, black soils, and red sand loam. Black cotton soils are inorganic clays of medium to high compressibility and form a major soil group in India. They are characterized by high shrinkage and swelling properties. This Black cotton soils occurs mostly in the central and western parts and covers approximately 20% of the total area of India.
[5] The soil which originate under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called–
A.
Black soils
B.
Chestnut soils
C.
Chernozem soils
D.
Terra rosa soils
Ans:
Chernozem soils
Explanation :
Chernozem or black earth variety of soil is rich in organic matter in the form of humus. It is generally a modified type of loess. True chernozem is black in color, but there are various grades, shading off into gray and chestnut-brown soils. It forms in areas that have cold winters, hot summers, and rapid evaporation of precipitation; generally only tall grass is found native on chernozem.
[6] Which of the following oceans has the shape of the English alphabet S?
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Atlantic Ocean
Explanation :
Atlantic Ocean has the shape of an English alphabet S. Indian Ocean has 'M' Shape. The Arctic Ocean has 'U' shape, while the Pacific Ocean is triangular in shape.
[7] Which from the following, is a landlocked sea?
A.
Timor Sea
B.
Arafura Sea
C.
Greeland Sea
D.
Aral Sea
Ans:
Aral Sea
Explanation :
Aral sea is a land locked sea. The Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed it were diverted by Soviet Union irrigation projects. It lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. Its area is of 68,000 square kilometers. The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is "a large body of freshwater surrounded by land".
[8] The deepest ocean is –
A.
Arctic
B.
Pacific
C.
Atlantic
D.
Indian
Ans:
Pacific
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It reaches a maximum-known depth of 10.911 km at the Challenger Deep.
[9] Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a –
A.
Bay
B.
Strait
C.
Peninsula
D.
Isthmus
Ans:
Strait
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during the drought a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type. Teak and Sal, along with mango, bamboo, and rosewood, belong to the moist deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry season.
[4] Which of the following types of soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
A.
Black
B.
Red
C.
Laterite
D.
Mountain
Ans:
Black
Explanation :
Cotton needs a soil with a excellent water holding capacity and aeration and good drainage as it cannot withstand excessive moisture and water logging. The major groups of soils for cotton cultivation are the alluvial soils, black soils, and red sand loam. Black cotton soils are inorganic clays of medium to high compressibility and form a major soil group in India. They are characterized by high shrinkage and swelling properties. This Black cotton soils occurs mostly in the central and western parts and covers approximately 20% of the total area of India.
[5] The soil which originate under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called–
A.
Black soils
B.
Chestnut soils
C.
Chernozem soils
D.
Terra rosa soils
Ans:
Chernozem soils
Explanation :
Chernozem or black earth variety of soil is rich in organic matter in the form of humus. It is generally a modified type of loess. True chernozem is black in color, but there are various grades, shading off into gray and chestnut-brown soils. It forms in areas that have cold winters, hot summers, and rapid evaporation of precipitation; generally only tall grass is found native on chernozem.
[6] Which of the following oceans has the shape of the English alphabet S?
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Atlantic Ocean
Explanation :
Atlantic Ocean has the shape of an English alphabet S. Indian Ocean has 'M' Shape. The Arctic Ocean has 'U' shape, while the Pacific Ocean is triangular in shape.
[7] Which from the following, is a landlocked sea?
A.
Timor Sea
B.
Arafura Sea
C.
Greeland Sea
D.
Aral Sea
Ans:
Aral Sea
Explanation :
Aral sea is a land locked sea. The Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed it were diverted by Soviet Union irrigation projects. It lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. Its area is of 68,000 square kilometers. The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is "a large body of freshwater surrounded by land".
[8] The deepest ocean is –
A.
Arctic
B.
Pacific
C.
Atlantic
D.
Indian
Ans:
Pacific
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It reaches a maximum-known depth of 10.911 km at the Challenger Deep.
[9] Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a –
A.
Bay
B.
Strait
C.
Peninsula
D.
Isthmus
Ans:
Strait
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Chernozem or black earth variety of soil is rich in organic matter in the form of humus. It is generally a modified type of loess. True chernozem is black in color, but there are various grades, shading off into gray and chestnut-brown soils. It forms in areas that have cold winters, hot summers, and rapid evaporation of precipitation; generally only tall grass is found native on chernozem.
[6] Which of the following oceans has the shape of the English alphabet S?
A.
Arctic Ocean
B.
Indian Ocean
C.
Atlantic Ocean
D.
Pacific Ocean
Ans:
Atlantic Ocean
Explanation :
Atlantic Ocean has the shape of an English alphabet S. Indian Ocean has 'M' Shape. The Arctic Ocean has 'U' shape, while the Pacific Ocean is triangular in shape.
[7] Which from the following, is a landlocked sea?
A.
Timor Sea
B.
Arafura Sea
C.
Greeland Sea
D.
Aral Sea
Ans:
Aral Sea
Explanation :
Aral sea is a land locked sea. The Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed it were diverted by Soviet Union irrigation projects. It lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. Its area is of 68,000 square kilometers. The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is "a large body of freshwater surrounded by land".
[8] The deepest ocean is –
A.
Arctic
B.
Pacific
C.
Atlantic
D.
Indian
Ans:
Pacific
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It reaches a maximum-known depth of 10.911 km at the Challenger Deep.
[9] Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a –
A.
Bay
B.
Strait
C.
Peninsula
D.
Isthmus
Ans:
Strait
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Aral sea is a land locked sea. The Aral Sea has been steadily shrinking since the 1960s after the rivers that fed it were diverted by Soviet Union irrigation projects. It lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. Its area is of 68,000 square kilometers. The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is "a large body of freshwater surrounded by land".
[8] The deepest ocean is –
A.
Arctic
B.
Pacific
C.
Atlantic
D.
Indian
Ans:
Pacific
Explanation :
The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It reaches a maximum-known depth of 10.911 km at the Challenger Deep.
[9] Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a –
A.
Bay
B.
Strait
C.
Peninsula
D.
Isthmus
Ans:
Strait
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
A strait is a narrow, typically navigable channel of water that connects two larger, navigable bodies of water. It most commonly refers to a channel of water that lies between two land masses, but it may also refer to a navigable channel through a body of water that is otherwise not navigable, for example because it is too shallow, or because it contains an un-navigable reef or archipelago.
[10] The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton coveting the surface water of a lake or pond is known as –
A.
Eutrophication
B.
Water bloom
C.
Water pollution
D.
Water hyacinth
Ans:
Eutrophication
Explanation :
Eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system. One example is the 'bloom" or great increase of phytoplankton in a water body as a response to increased levels of nutrients.
[11] Which one of the following is a warm ocean current?
A.
Kurile
B.
Canary
C.
Labrador
D.
Gulf Stream
Ans:
Gulf Stream
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
The Gulf Stream is a warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and moves north toward Europe. Since it is full of warm water, the sea surface temperatures are warm, which keeps places like Europe warmer than other areas at similar latitudes.
[12] What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude?
A.
It remains constant
B.
It decreases
C.
It increases
D.
It constantly fluctuates
Ans:
It decreases
Explanation :
In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the mass of air above the measurement point. Low-pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high-pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Likewise, as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
[13] Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by –
A.
dry summer and wet winter
B.
wet summer and dry winter
C.
dry summer and dry winter
D.
wet summer and wet winter
Ans:
dry summer and wet winter
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. Mediterranean climate zones are associated with the five large subtropical high pressure cells of the oceans: the Azores High, South Atlantic High, North Pacific High, South Pacific High, and Indian Ocean High. These high pressure cells shift towards the poles in the summer and towards the equator in the winter, playing a major role in the formation of the world's tropical deserts and the Mediterranean Basin's climate.
[14] The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
A.
Mesosphere
B.
Thermosphere
C.
Troposphere
D.
Stratosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The zone of Earth's atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as troposphere.
[15] The main advantage of Rain? Water Harvesting (RWH) is –
A.
Recharge ground water
B.
Avoid floods
C.
Reduce the loss of water
D.
Avoid soil erosion
Ans:
Recharge ground water
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Rainwater harvesting is the simple collection or storing of water through scientific techniques from the areas where the rain falls. It is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures such as dug wells, percolating pit, check dams.
[16] Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called –
A.
Furious fifties
B.
Screeching sixties
C.
Horse latitudes
D.
Roaring forties
Ans:
Horse latitudes
Explanation :
The areas of sub-tropical high pressure are located between latitudes 250 and 350 N and S. These high- pressure zones are called the horse-latitudes. It is an area which receives little precipitation and has variable winds mixed with calm
[17] Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
A.
Splash
B.
Sheet
C.
Rill
D.
Gully
Ans:
Gully
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Chambal ravine formation significantly increases soil loss from agricultural lands and severely impacts agricultural productivity. A review of ephemeral gully erosion and spreading rates of the ravenous tracks of Lower Chambal Valley using geospatial tools shows that both the ravenous and the marginal lands have increased during the last 15 years.
[18] Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
A.
Graphite
B.
Gneiss
C.
Marble
D.
Slate
Ans:
Slate
Explanation :
From depth of burial by continual sediment deposition from above, or from compressional stress from tectonic plate collisions, shale is metamorphosed into slate over periods of millions of years. During this compression, the clay minerals making up the shale decompose as they become unstable in the high pressure environment, and their chemical components are gradually transformed into minerals that are more stable in the newly forming higher pressure environment.
[19] Earthquake is caused by –
A.
disturbance of earth surface
B.
adjustment of layers of earth's crust
C.
breakage of rock system
D.
upliftment of rocks
Ans:
disturbance of earth surface
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter.
[20] A group of inter-connected Islands is known as -
A.
Strait
B.
Peninsula
C.
Archipelago
D.
Lagoon
Ans:
Archipelago
Explanation :
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known- archipelagos.
[21] The layer of atmosphere close to the earth's surface is called –
A.
Exosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Stratosphere
D.
Ionosphere
Ans:
Troposphere
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of all weather on Earth. It is bonded on the top by a layer of air called the Tropopause, which separates the troposphere from the stratosphere and on bottom by the surface of the Earth.
[22] The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the 'black current' and that is :
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
Kuroshio Current
C.
California Current
D.
Antarctic Current
Ans:
Kuroshio Current
Explanation :
The word 'Kuroshio' means 'Black Current' in Japanese. Also known as Japan Current, it is a warm ocean current which flows up the East coast of Asia and under the influence of the westerly winds towards North America. It is the counterpart of the Gulf Stream. However, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the largest oceanic current on Earth.
[23] Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks?
A.
Peaty and organic
B.
Saline
C.
Laterite
D.
Red and yellow
Ans:
Red and yellow
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Red Soil is also known as yellow soil. Red soils are formed as a result of the draining down of old crystalline rock, less clayey and sandier in nature. Red clay soil are used for the production of bricks.
[24] Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
A.
Shelter belts
B.
Contour ploughing
C.
Strip cropping
D.
Afforestation
Ans:
Afforestation
Explanation :
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no forest. As plant roots hold the soil. Afforestation prevents soil erosion and enables better retention of water.
[25] Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests?
A.
Medicinal plants
B.
Checking soil erosion
C.
Building material
D.
Grazing
Ans:
Checking soil erosion
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.
Explanation :
Some of the indirect uses of forests include: prevention and control of soil erosion, flood control, checks on spread of deserts, increase of soil fertility, and effect on climate. Forests play a significant role in the prevention and control of soil erosion by water and wind. The destruction of forest cover leads to increased runoff of rain water and its diminished seepage in soil.