[1] Which of the following is a not a green house gas?
A.
Carbon Dioxide
B.
Water Vapour
C.
Carbon Monoxide
D.
Nitrous Oxide
Ans:
Carbon Monoxide
Explanation :
The primary greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.
[2] Heat resistant variety of glass is –
A.
Pyrex glass
B.
Hard glass
C.
Flint glass
D.
None of these
Ans:
Flint glass
Explanation :
Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number (high dispersion). Flint glasses are arbitrarily defined as having an Abbe number of 50 to 55 or less. The currently known flint glasses have refractive indices ranging between 1.45 and 2.00. A concave lens of flint glass is commonly combined with a convex lens of crown glass to produce an achromatic doublet lens because of their compensating optical properties, which reduces chromatic aberration (colour defects).
[3] Among the following iron ores, the highest percentage of iron content is found in—
A.
Haemetite
B.
Magnetite
C.
Limnonite
D.
None of these
Ans:
Haemetite
Explanation :
Hematite, also spelled haematite, heavy and relatively hard oxide mineral, ferric oxide (Fe2SO3), that constitutes the most important iron ore because of its high iron content (70 percent) and its abundance. Its name is derived from the Greek word for "blood," in allusion to its red colour. Many of the various forms of hematite have separate names. The steel-gray crystals and coarse-grained varieties have a brilliant metallic lustre and are known as specular iron ore; thin scaly types are called micaceous hematite.
[4] For determination of the age of which among the following is carbon dating method used?
A.
Fossils
B.
Rocks
C.
Trees
D.
1 & 2 above
Ans:
1 & 2 above
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years. Raw, i.e., uncelebrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), with "present" defined as CE 1950. Such raw ages can be calibrated to give calendar dates. One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites.
[5] The natural source of hydro-carbon is –
A.
Crude oil
B.
Biomass
C.
Coal
D.
Carbohydrates
Ans:
Crude oil
Explanation :
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains.
[6] Which of the following is chiefly present in LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)?
A.
Methane
B.
Ethane
C.
Propane
D.
Butane
Ans:
Butane
Explanation :
Liquid petroleum gas is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. it has primarily butane (C4H10).
[7] Which one of the following metals is used to galvanise iron?
A.
Copper
B.
Lead
C.
Zinc
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Zinc
Explanation :
Galvanization) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi Galvani. Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electro-deposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
[8] Which of the following is not a precious/semi-Precious stone?
A.
Sapphire
B.
Ruby
C.
Pearl
D.
Emerald
Ans:
Pearl
Explanation :
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline f orm, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.
[9] What is the name of that system, which uses radioactivity to decide the period of materials of-pre- historic period?
A.
Radium dating
B.
Uranium dating
C.
Carbon dating
D.
Deuterium dating
Ans:
Carbon dating
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
The primary greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.
[2] Heat resistant variety of glass is –
A.
Pyrex glass
B.
Hard glass
C.
Flint glass
D.
None of these
Ans:
Flint glass
Explanation :
Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number (high dispersion). Flint glasses are arbitrarily defined as having an Abbe number of 50 to 55 or less. The currently known flint glasses have refractive indices ranging between 1.45 and 2.00. A concave lens of flint glass is commonly combined with a convex lens of crown glass to produce an achromatic doublet lens because of their compensating optical properties, which reduces chromatic aberration (colour defects).
[3] Among the following iron ores, the highest percentage of iron content is found in—
A.
Haemetite
B.
Magnetite
C.
Limnonite
D.
None of these
Ans:
Haemetite
Explanation :
Hematite, also spelled haematite, heavy and relatively hard oxide mineral, ferric oxide (Fe2SO3), that constitutes the most important iron ore because of its high iron content (70 percent) and its abundance. Its name is derived from the Greek word for "blood," in allusion to its red colour. Many of the various forms of hematite have separate names. The steel-gray crystals and coarse-grained varieties have a brilliant metallic lustre and are known as specular iron ore; thin scaly types are called micaceous hematite.
[4] For determination of the age of which among the following is carbon dating method used?
A.
Fossils
B.
Rocks
C.
Trees
D.
1 & 2 above
Ans:
1 & 2 above
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years. Raw, i.e., uncelebrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), with "present" defined as CE 1950. Such raw ages can be calibrated to give calendar dates. One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites.
[5] The natural source of hydro-carbon is –
A.
Crude oil
B.
Biomass
C.
Coal
D.
Carbohydrates
Ans:
Crude oil
Explanation :
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains.
[6] Which of the following is chiefly present in LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)?
A.
Methane
B.
Ethane
C.
Propane
D.
Butane
Ans:
Butane
Explanation :
Liquid petroleum gas is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. it has primarily butane (C4H10).
[7] Which one of the following metals is used to galvanise iron?
A.
Copper
B.
Lead
C.
Zinc
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Zinc
Explanation :
Galvanization) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi Galvani. Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electro-deposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
[8] Which of the following is not a precious/semi-Precious stone?
A.
Sapphire
B.
Ruby
C.
Pearl
D.
Emerald
Ans:
Pearl
Explanation :
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline f orm, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.
[9] What is the name of that system, which uses radioactivity to decide the period of materials of-pre- historic period?
A.
Radium dating
B.
Uranium dating
C.
Carbon dating
D.
Deuterium dating
Ans:
Carbon dating
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Hematite, also spelled haematite, heavy and relatively hard oxide mineral, ferric oxide (Fe2SO3), that constitutes the most important iron ore because of its high iron content (70 percent) and its abundance. Its name is derived from the Greek word for "blood," in allusion to its red colour. Many of the various forms of hematite have separate names. The steel-gray crystals and coarse-grained varieties have a brilliant metallic lustre and are known as specular iron ore; thin scaly types are called micaceous hematite.
[4] For determination of the age of which among the following is carbon dating method used?
A.
Fossils
B.
Rocks
C.
Trees
D.
1 & 2 above
Ans:
1 & 2 above
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years. Raw, i.e., uncelebrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), with "present" defined as CE 1950. Such raw ages can be calibrated to give calendar dates. One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites.
[5] The natural source of hydro-carbon is –
A.
Crude oil
B.
Biomass
C.
Coal
D.
Carbohydrates
Ans:
Crude oil
Explanation :
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains.
[6] Which of the following is chiefly present in LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)?
A.
Methane
B.
Ethane
C.
Propane
D.
Butane
Ans:
Butane
Explanation :
Liquid petroleum gas is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. it has primarily butane (C4H10).
[7] Which one of the following metals is used to galvanise iron?
A.
Copper
B.
Lead
C.
Zinc
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Zinc
Explanation :
Galvanization) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi Galvani. Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electro-deposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
[8] Which of the following is not a precious/semi-Precious stone?
A.
Sapphire
B.
Ruby
C.
Pearl
D.
Emerald
Ans:
Pearl
Explanation :
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline f orm, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.
[9] What is the name of that system, which uses radioactivity to decide the period of materials of-pre- historic period?
A.
Radium dating
B.
Uranium dating
C.
Carbon dating
D.
Deuterium dating
Ans:
Carbon dating
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups, called hydrocarbyls. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alkyne-based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The majority of hydrocarbons found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains.
[6] Which of the following is chiefly present in LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)?
A.
Methane
B.
Ethane
C.
Propane
D.
Butane
Ans:
Butane
Explanation :
Liquid petroleum gas is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. it has primarily butane (C4H10).
[7] Which one of the following metals is used to galvanise iron?
A.
Copper
B.
Lead
C.
Zinc
D.
Mercury
Ans:
Zinc
Explanation :
Galvanization) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi Galvani. Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electro-deposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
[8] Which of the following is not a precious/semi-Precious stone?
A.
Sapphire
B.
Ruby
C.
Pearl
D.
Emerald
Ans:
Pearl
Explanation :
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline f orm, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.
[9] What is the name of that system, which uses radioactivity to decide the period of materials of-pre- historic period?
A.
Radium dating
B.
Uranium dating
C.
Carbon dating
D.
Deuterium dating
Ans:
Carbon dating
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Galvanization) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi Galvani. Although galvanization can be done with electrochemical and electro-deposition processes, the most common method in current use is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc.
[8] Which of the following is not a precious/semi-Precious stone?
A.
Sapphire
B.
Ruby
C.
Pearl
D.
Emerald
Ans:
Pearl
Explanation :
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a clam, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline f orm, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls (baroque pearls) occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.
[9] What is the name of that system, which uses radioactivity to decide the period of materials of-pre- historic period?
A.
Radium dating
B.
Uranium dating
C.
Carbon dating
D.
Deuterium dating
Ans:
Carbon dating
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Radiocarbon dating (usually referred to as simply carbon dating) is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years.
[10] Cement is made hard with –
A.
dehydration
B.
hydration and dissociation of water
C.
Dissociation of water
D.
Polymerisation
Ans:
hydration and dissociation of water
Explanation :
Cements (e.g., Portland cement) harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water - soluble.
[11] Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
A.
Methyl isocyanate
B.
Methyl isochlorate
C.
Methyl phosphate
D.
Methyl isopropate
Ans:
Methyl isocyanate
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died.
[12] Which acid is used in rubber, textile, leather and electroplating industries?
A.
Ethanoic acid
B.
Methanoic acid
C.
Malanic acid
D.
Butairic acid
Ans:
Methanoic acid
Explanation :
[13] Study of Fossils is known as?
A.
Paleontology
B.
Petrology
C.
Seismology
D.
None of the above
Ans:
Paleontology
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as based on fossils. Fossils are the remains of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living things that have been replaced by rock material or impressions of organisms preserved in rock.
[14] A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called –
A.
Extrinsic colloid
B.
Associated colloid
C.
Hydrophobic colloid
D.
Hydrophilic colloid
Ans:
Hydrophilic colloid
Explanation :
A colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed particles are more or less liquid and exert a certain attraction on and absorb a. certain quantity of the fluid in which they are suspended is called as hydrophilic colloid. Molecules of a hydrophilic colloid have an affinity for water molecules and when dispersed in water become hydrated. Hydrated colloids swell and increase the viscosity of the system, thereby improving stability by reducing the interaction between particles and their tendency to settle. They may also possess a net surface electrical charge.
[15] Denatured spirit is ethanol mixed with –
A.
Petrol
B.
Kerosene
C.
Water
D.
Pyridine
Ans:
Pyridine
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Denatured alcohol or methylated spirits is ethanol that has additives to make it undrinkable (poisonous), to discourage recreational consumption. In some cases it is also dyed. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for spirit burners and camping stoves. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol, hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used.
[16] The most abundant inert gas in the atmosphere is –
A.
Helium
B.
Neon
C.
Argon
D.
Krypton
Ans:
Argon
Explanation :
Argon is the third most common gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.93% (9,300 ppm), making it approximately 23.8 times as abundant as next most common atmospheric gas, carbon dioxide (390 ppm), and more than 500 times as abundant as the next most common noble gas, neon (18 ppm). Nearly all of this argon is radiogenic argon-40 derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth’s crust. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, being the preferred argon isotope produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. We find the inert gases argon (9,340 ppmv), neon (18.18 ppmv) and helium (5.24 ppmv) in the earth’s atmosphere. Note that we use ppmv here to mean parts per million by volume.Argon is produced industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other hightemperature industrial processes where ordinarily non-reactive substances become reactive.
[17] Nuclear energy is a mineral-based energy source. It is derived from –
A.
uranium
B.
thorium
C.
plutonium
D.
All tithe above
Ans:
uranium
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
The sun and stars are seemingly inexhaustible sources of energy. That energy is the result of nuclear reactions, in which matter is converted to energy. We have been able to harness that mechanism and regularly use it to generate power. Presently, nuclear energy provides for approximately 16% of the world's electricity. Unlike the stars, the nuclear reactors that we have today work on the principle of nuclear fission.
[18] Zinc sulphide is commonly used as –
A.
fungicide
B.
herbicide
C.
rodenticide
D.
deodorant
Ans:
rodenticide
Explanation :
Rodenticides are a category of pest control chemicals intended to kill rodents. Metal phosphides have been used as a means of killing rodents and are considered single-dose fast acting rodenticides (death occurs commonly within 1-3 days after single bait ingestion). A bait consisting of food and a phosphide (usually zinc phosphide) is left where the rodents can eat it. The acid in the digestive system of the rodent reacts with the phosphide to generate the toxic phosphine gas.
[19] Galena is a mineral of –
A.
iron
B.
gold
C.
lead
D.
calcium
Ans:
lead
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Galena is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulfide. It is the most important lead ore mineral. Galena is one of the most abundant and widely distributed sulfide minerals. It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system often showing octahedral forms. It is often associated with the minerals sphalerite, calcite and fluorite. Galena deposits often contain significant amounts of silver as included silver sulfide mineral phases or as limited solid solution within the galena structure.
[20] Magnalium is an alloy of –
A.
Aluminium and Magnesium
B.
Magnesium and Tin
C.
Aluminium and Zinc
D.
Manganese and Magnesium
Ans:
Aluminium and Magnesium
Explanation :
Magnalium is an aluminium alloy with 1.5 to 2% magnesium and small amounts of copper, nickel, and tin. Some alloys, intended for particular uses at the cost of poor corrosion resistance, may consist of up to 50% magnesium. It finds use in engineering and pyrotechnics. Alloys with smaller amounts of magnesium (about 5%) exhibit greater strength, greater corrosion resistance, and lower density than pure aluminium. Such alloys are also more workable and easier to weld than pure aluminium. Alloys with high amounts of magnesium (around 50%) are brittle and more susceptible to corrosion than aluminium. Although they are generally more expensive than aluminium, the high strength, low density, and greater workability of alloys with low amounts of magnesium leads to their use in aircraft and automobile parts.
[21] Which of the toxic heavy metals is found in modern tannery industries?
A.
Nickel
B.
Zine
C.
Chromium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Chromium
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Chromium is mainly found in waste from the chrome tanning process; it occurs as part of the retanning system and is displaced from leathers during retanning and dyeing processes. This chrome is discharged from processes in soluble form; however, when mixed with tannery waste waters from other processes (especially if proteins are present), the reaction is very rapid. Precipitates are formed, mainly protein- chrome, which add to sludge generation.
[22] Which of the following contains high content of lead?
A.
Coal
B.
Cooking gas
C.
High octane fuel
D.
Low octane fuel
Ans:
High octane fuel
Explanation :
A high-octane-rated fuel, such gasoline contains lead. Straight-run gasoline is distilled directly from crude oil. Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. Most countries have phased out leaded fuel. Different additives have replaced the lead compounds. The most popular additives include aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and alcohol (usually ethanol or methanol). Lead used to be added to petrol and this was the source of high levels of lead in the air.
[23] Acids on reacting with metals release which of the following gases?
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon Dioxide
C.
Hydrogen
D.
Methane
Ans:
Hydrogen
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Acids on reacting with some reactive metals result in the formation of a salt and hydrogen gas. The general equation that describes the chemical reaction between an acid and metal is Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen gas.
[24] Carbon reacts with metal to form -
A.
Carbide
B.
Carbonate
C.
Hydroxide
D.
Oxide
Ans:
Carbide
Explanation :
Carbon reacts with reactive metals, such as tungsten, carbon forms either carbides to form alloys with high melting points.
[25] Radioactive disintegration of Uranium ultimately results in formation of -
A.
Radium
B.
Thorium
C.
Polonium
D.
Lead
Ans:
Lead
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation
Explanation :
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation