[1] Which one of the following is a hereditary disease?
A.
Cataract
B.
Haemophilia
C.
Pellagra
D.
Osteoporosis
Ans:
Haemophilia
Explanation :
Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.
[2] Eyes of potato are useful for -
A.
Nutrition
B.
Respiration
C.
Reproduction
D.
Vegetative propagation
Ans:
Vegetative propagation
Explanation :
Any potato variety can be propagated vegetatively by planting tubers, pieces of tubers, cut to include at least one or two eyes, or also by cuttings, a practice used in greenhouses for the production of healthy seed tubers. Some commercial potato varieties do not produce seeds at all (they bear imperfect flowed long (4.5 to 9 is usually a whopping 15 to 30 feet meters) and lives in the small intestine. An infected person usually has only one or two worms. The tapeworms use their head, called the scolex, to attach themselves to the intestinal wall.
[3] Roundworm is a human parasite found in the -
A.
Small intestine
B.
Liver
C.
Stomach
D.
Large intestine
Ans:
Large intestine
Explanation :
Roundworms, or nematodes, are a group of invertebrates (animals having no backbone) with long, round bodies. Most parasitic roundworm eggs or larvae (immature form) are found in the soil and enter the human body when a person picks them up on the hands and then transfers them to the mouth. The eggs or larvae also can enter the human body directly through the skin. With the exception of the parasitic roundworm that causes trichinosis, mature adult roundworms eventually end up or live in human large intestines and cause infection and disease.
[4] Which of the following is a rich source of Vitamin B-12?
A.
Cashew nut
B.
Milk
C.
Apple
D.
Watermelon
Ans:
Milk
Explanation :
Vitamin B19 also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. Vitamin B12 is found in foods that come from animals, including fish and shellfish, meat (especially liver), poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products. While lacto-ovo vegetarians usually get enough B12 through consuming dairy products, vegans will lack B12 unless they consume B12-containing dietary supplements or B12-fortified foods.
[5] Which organ of the body never rests?
A.
Eyes
B.
Pancreas
C.
Liver
D.
Heart
Ans:
Heart
Explanation :
Heart is the only organ in the body which never rest throughout the entire life. The heart is a hollow muscle that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. It is found in all animals with a circulatory system (including all vertebrates). The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective tissue. The average human heart, beating at 72 beats per minute, will beat approximately 2.5 billion times during an average 66 year lifespan.
[6] In which part of the eye lies the pigment that decides the colour of the eyes of a person?
A.
Corea
B.
Choroid
C.
Iris
D.
Vitreous body
Ans:
Iris
Explanation :
The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupils and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. “Eye color” is the color of the iris, which in humans can be green, blue, or brown. In some cases it can be hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light entering the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the aperture at the center of the iris, known as the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter.
[7] Which of the following food items is rich in iron?
A.
Rice
B.
Apple
C.
Pulses
D.
Orange
Ans:
Apple
Explanation :
Apples are a great, healthy food, but even with the skin they do not contain a large amount of iron. Apples contain 11 milligrams of iron per 100 grams. A gram is a measure of weight. Fruit as a food group is not a great iron source but it does play an important role in our ability to absorb iron. Fruit is often loaded with vitamin C, a vitamin that will actually help to utilize the iron in vegetarian foods; apples are a modest source of vitamin C.
[8] Who discovered Cholera germs?
A.
Robert Koch
B.
Rene Laennec
C.
Dreser
D.
Hansen
Ans:
Robert Koch
Explanation :
In 1883, Koch worked with a French research team in Alexandria, Egypt, studying cholera. Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera.
[9] What is the limit of MG/DL, of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
A.
40-60
B.
120-150
C.
70-100
D.
160-200
Ans:
70-100
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.
[2] Eyes of potato are useful for -
A.
Nutrition
B.
Respiration
C.
Reproduction
D.
Vegetative propagation
Ans:
Vegetative propagation
Explanation :
Any potato variety can be propagated vegetatively by planting tubers, pieces of tubers, cut to include at least one or two eyes, or also by cuttings, a practice used in greenhouses for the production of healthy seed tubers. Some commercial potato varieties do not produce seeds at all (they bear imperfect flowed long (4.5 to 9 is usually a whopping 15 to 30 feet meters) and lives in the small intestine. An infected person usually has only one or two worms. The tapeworms use their head, called the scolex, to attach themselves to the intestinal wall.
[3] Roundworm is a human parasite found in the -
A.
Small intestine
B.
Liver
C.
Stomach
D.
Large intestine
Ans:
Large intestine
Explanation :
Roundworms, or nematodes, are a group of invertebrates (animals having no backbone) with long, round bodies. Most parasitic roundworm eggs or larvae (immature form) are found in the soil and enter the human body when a person picks them up on the hands and then transfers them to the mouth. The eggs or larvae also can enter the human body directly through the skin. With the exception of the parasitic roundworm that causes trichinosis, mature adult roundworms eventually end up or live in human large intestines and cause infection and disease.
[4] Which of the following is a rich source of Vitamin B-12?
A.
Cashew nut
B.
Milk
C.
Apple
D.
Watermelon
Ans:
Milk
Explanation :
Vitamin B19 also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. Vitamin B12 is found in foods that come from animals, including fish and shellfish, meat (especially liver), poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products. While lacto-ovo vegetarians usually get enough B12 through consuming dairy products, vegans will lack B12 unless they consume B12-containing dietary supplements or B12-fortified foods.
[5] Which organ of the body never rests?
A.
Eyes
B.
Pancreas
C.
Liver
D.
Heart
Ans:
Heart
Explanation :
Heart is the only organ in the body which never rest throughout the entire life. The heart is a hollow muscle that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. It is found in all animals with a circulatory system (including all vertebrates). The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective tissue. The average human heart, beating at 72 beats per minute, will beat approximately 2.5 billion times during an average 66 year lifespan.
[6] In which part of the eye lies the pigment that decides the colour of the eyes of a person?
A.
Corea
B.
Choroid
C.
Iris
D.
Vitreous body
Ans:
Iris
Explanation :
The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupils and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. “Eye color” is the color of the iris, which in humans can be green, blue, or brown. In some cases it can be hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light entering the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the aperture at the center of the iris, known as the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter.
[7] Which of the following food items is rich in iron?
A.
Rice
B.
Apple
C.
Pulses
D.
Orange
Ans:
Apple
Explanation :
Apples are a great, healthy food, but even with the skin they do not contain a large amount of iron. Apples contain 11 milligrams of iron per 100 grams. A gram is a measure of weight. Fruit as a food group is not a great iron source but it does play an important role in our ability to absorb iron. Fruit is often loaded with vitamin C, a vitamin that will actually help to utilize the iron in vegetarian foods; apples are a modest source of vitamin C.
[8] Who discovered Cholera germs?
A.
Robert Koch
B.
Rene Laennec
C.
Dreser
D.
Hansen
Ans:
Robert Koch
Explanation :
In 1883, Koch worked with a French research team in Alexandria, Egypt, studying cholera. Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera.
[9] What is the limit of MG/DL, of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
A.
40-60
B.
120-150
C.
70-100
D.
160-200
Ans:
70-100
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Roundworms, or nematodes, are a group of invertebrates (animals having no backbone) with long, round bodies. Most parasitic roundworm eggs or larvae (immature form) are found in the soil and enter the human body when a person picks them up on the hands and then transfers them to the mouth. The eggs or larvae also can enter the human body directly through the skin. With the exception of the parasitic roundworm that causes trichinosis, mature adult roundworms eventually end up or live in human large intestines and cause infection and disease.
[4] Which of the following is a rich source of Vitamin B-12?
A.
Cashew nut
B.
Milk
C.
Apple
D.
Watermelon
Ans:
Milk
Explanation :
Vitamin B19 also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. Vitamin B12 is found in foods that come from animals, including fish and shellfish, meat (especially liver), poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products. While lacto-ovo vegetarians usually get enough B12 through consuming dairy products, vegans will lack B12 unless they consume B12-containing dietary supplements or B12-fortified foods.
[5] Which organ of the body never rests?
A.
Eyes
B.
Pancreas
C.
Liver
D.
Heart
Ans:
Heart
Explanation :
Heart is the only organ in the body which never rest throughout the entire life. The heart is a hollow muscle that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. It is found in all animals with a circulatory system (including all vertebrates). The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective tissue. The average human heart, beating at 72 beats per minute, will beat approximately 2.5 billion times during an average 66 year lifespan.
[6] In which part of the eye lies the pigment that decides the colour of the eyes of a person?
A.
Corea
B.
Choroid
C.
Iris
D.
Vitreous body
Ans:
Iris
Explanation :
The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupils and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. “Eye color” is the color of the iris, which in humans can be green, blue, or brown. In some cases it can be hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light entering the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the aperture at the center of the iris, known as the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter.
[7] Which of the following food items is rich in iron?
A.
Rice
B.
Apple
C.
Pulses
D.
Orange
Ans:
Apple
Explanation :
Apples are a great, healthy food, but even with the skin they do not contain a large amount of iron. Apples contain 11 milligrams of iron per 100 grams. A gram is a measure of weight. Fruit as a food group is not a great iron source but it does play an important role in our ability to absorb iron. Fruit is often loaded with vitamin C, a vitamin that will actually help to utilize the iron in vegetarian foods; apples are a modest source of vitamin C.
[8] Who discovered Cholera germs?
A.
Robert Koch
B.
Rene Laennec
C.
Dreser
D.
Hansen
Ans:
Robert Koch
Explanation :
In 1883, Koch worked with a French research team in Alexandria, Egypt, studying cholera. Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera.
[9] What is the limit of MG/DL, of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
A.
40-60
B.
120-150
C.
70-100
D.
160-200
Ans:
70-100
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Heart is the only organ in the body which never rest throughout the entire life. The heart is a hollow muscle that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. It is found in all animals with a circulatory system (including all vertebrates). The vertebrate heart is principally composed of cardiac muscle and connective tissue. The average human heart, beating at 72 beats per minute, will beat approximately 2.5 billion times during an average 66 year lifespan.
[6] In which part of the eye lies the pigment that decides the colour of the eyes of a person?
A.
Corea
B.
Choroid
C.
Iris
D.
Vitreous body
Ans:
Iris
Explanation :
The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupils and thus the amount of light reaching the retina. “Eye color” is the color of the iris, which in humans can be green, blue, or brown. In some cases it can be hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light entering the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the aperture at the center of the iris, known as the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter.
[7] Which of the following food items is rich in iron?
A.
Rice
B.
Apple
C.
Pulses
D.
Orange
Ans:
Apple
Explanation :
Apples are a great, healthy food, but even with the skin they do not contain a large amount of iron. Apples contain 11 milligrams of iron per 100 grams. A gram is a measure of weight. Fruit as a food group is not a great iron source but it does play an important role in our ability to absorb iron. Fruit is often loaded with vitamin C, a vitamin that will actually help to utilize the iron in vegetarian foods; apples are a modest source of vitamin C.
[8] Who discovered Cholera germs?
A.
Robert Koch
B.
Rene Laennec
C.
Dreser
D.
Hansen
Ans:
Robert Koch
Explanation :
In 1883, Koch worked with a French research team in Alexandria, Egypt, studying cholera. Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera.
[9] What is the limit of MG/DL, of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
A.
40-60
B.
120-150
C.
70-100
D.
160-200
Ans:
70-100
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Apples are a great, healthy food, but even with the skin they do not contain a large amount of iron. Apples contain 11 milligrams of iron per 100 grams. A gram is a measure of weight. Fruit as a food group is not a great iron source but it does play an important role in our ability to absorb iron. Fruit is often loaded with vitamin C, a vitamin that will actually help to utilize the iron in vegetarian foods; apples are a modest source of vitamin C.
[8] Who discovered Cholera germs?
A.
Robert Koch
B.
Rene Laennec
C.
Dreser
D.
Hansen
Ans:
Robert Koch
Explanation :
In 1883, Koch worked with a French research team in Alexandria, Egypt, studying cholera. Koch identified the vibrio bacterium that caused cholera.
[9] What is the limit of MG/DL, of blood sugar in the normal person at the time of fast?
A.
40-60
B.
120-150
C.
70-100
D.
160-200
Ans:
70-100
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/deciliter); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day. Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day (termed “the fasting level”), and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimolar. Normal Human Glucose Blood Test results should be 70 - 100 (mg/ dL) before meals, and less than 180 mg/dL after meals
[10] The cross-section of a stem of tree has fifty rings, what is the age of the tree?
A.
50 months
B.
5 years
C.
25 years
D.
50 years
Ans:
50 years
Explanation :
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. Visible rings result from the change in growth speed through the seasons of the year, thus one ring usually marks the passage of one year in the life of the tree.
[11] Onion is a modified form of -
A.
leaf
B.
stem
C.
root
D.
None of these
Ans:
stem
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
An onion has a modified form of stem called a bulb, or more specifically a tunic-ate bulb. In this type of modified stems, the stem is enclosed by a covering of leaves and it is underground. The bulb contains a few outside layers that are dry and membranous that encircles the bulb, which is where tunic-ate comes from. Nutrients for the plant are stored within the bulb.
[12] The pollination of maize takes place by -
A.
self-pollination
B.
pollination by insects
C.
pollination by air
D.
pollination by rain
Ans:
pollination by air
Explanation :
Maize (called corn in some parts of the world) is pollinated by air. The male anthers let go of their pollen and it blows over to a nearby female flower on another corn plant. Most of the flowers are either male or female on a corn , rather than both sexes in one flower. Maize flowers have evolved to use air for pollination. They do not need pretty petals. The pollen is light so it can blow around, and the ends of the female parts are fluffy to catch all the tiny pollen grains.
[13] Sweetex used by the diabetic patients has energy content of :
A.
Five calories
B.
Ten calories
C.
Hundred calories
D.
Zero calories
Ans:
Zero calories
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Low-calorie sweeteners are sugar substitutes that have zero calories and do not raise blood glucose levels through eating them, which makes them a preferable choice for diabetic people over sugar.
[14] The element which is the most abundant in the human body is :
A.
Oxygen
B.
Carbon
C.
Iron
D.
Nitrogen
Ans:
Oxygen
Explanation :
The generation and maintenance of all our life processes are supported by four basic components: carbohydrates, water, proteins and energy. Most scientists agree that oxygen is actually the over-riding key ingredient in all four of these life components. 80% of all our metabolic energy production is created by oxygen! The human body is largely composed of oxygen. All metabolic processes in the body are regulated by oxygen.
[15] Animals do not have enzyme systems which enable them to make use of the energy from -
A.
fat
B.
water
C.
protein
D.
carbohydrate
Ans:
fat
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Although fat is a common way of storing energy, in vertebrates such as humans the fatty acids in these stores cannot be converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis as these organisms cannot convert acetyl-CoA into pyruvate; plants do, but animals do not, have the necessary enzymatic machinery. As a result, after long-term starvation, vertebrates need to produce ketone bodies from fatty acids to replace glucose in tissues such as the brain that cannot metabolize fatty acids. In other organisms such as plants and bacteria, this metabolic problem is solved using the glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses the decarboxylation step in the citric acid cycle and allows the transformation of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate, where it can be used for the production of glucose.
[16] Who discovered sex hormones?
A.
Dreser
B.
Eugen Steinach
C.
Edward Calvin
D.
Samuel Cohen
Ans:
Eugen Steinach
Explanation :
Eugen Steinach discovered the sex hormones in 1921. He conducted experiments in the transplantation of a male guinea pig’s testes into a female and the castration of the male. The testes secretion, now known as testosterone, resulted in the female guinea pig developing male sexual behavior such as mounting the partner. This led Steinach to theorize that the gland’s secretions were responsible for sexuality.
[17] Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by -
A.
catalysts
B.
enzymes
C.
carbanions
D.
free radicals
Ans:
enzymes
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps. The last enzyme of glycolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, is replaced by two enzymes in alcoholic fermentation. These two enzymes, pyruvate decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethanol in alcoholic fermentation.
[18] The branch of agriculture which deals with the feeding, shelter, health and breeding of the domestic animals is called -
A.
Dairy Science
B.
Veterinary Science
C.
Poultry
D.
Animal Husbandry
Ans:
Veterinary Science
Explanation :
Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision. Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians. This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialism such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.
[19] Edward Jenner is associated with -
A.
Cholera
B.
Typhoid
C.
Small Pox
D.
Paralysis
Ans:
Small Pox
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Edward Anthony Jenner, (17 May, 1749 – 26 January, 1823) was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called “the father of immunology”, and his work is said to have “saved more lives than the work of any other man”. Jenner contributed papers on angina pectoris, ophthalmia, and cardiac valvular disease and commented on cowpox.
[20] Carbohydrate is stored in the body as -
A.
glucose
B.
starch
C.
glycogen
D.
sucrose
Ans:
glycogen
Explanation :
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi. In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and the muscles, and functions as the secondary long-term energy storage (with the primary energy stores being fats held in adipose tissue). Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer in plants, and is sometimes referred to as animal starch, having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Polysaccharide represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
[21] Which one of the following substances is used for preservation of food grains?
A.
Sodium benzoate
B.
Vinegar
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Potassium permanganate
Ans:
Sodium benzoate
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Sodium benzoate is used for the preservation of food. It has the chemical formula NaC6H5CO2. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments.
[22] Which of the following animals has the longest lifespan?
A.
Elephant
B.
Crocodile
C.
Dog
D.
Tortoise
Ans:
Tortoise
Explanation :
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tu’i Malila, which was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
[23] Which animal produces the biggest baby?
A.
Camel
B.
Lion
C.
Elephant
D.
Blue Whale
Ans:
Blue Whale
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Births in elephants tend to take place during the rains. Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb). The sperm whale produces the largest baby that weighs about 1 ton at birth. The newborn can instinctively swim for the first 10 seconds with help from its mother and swim alone within 30 minutes after birth. When baby blue whales are first born, they weigh over 3,000 kg (3 tones), about the same weight as a fully grown hippopotamus. Once born, a baby blue whale takes two years to reach a weight of 26,000 kg (26 tones). No other living creature grows so quickly.
[24] Which of the following is effective against tuberculosis?
A.
Penicillin
B.
Chloromycetin
C.
Terramycin
D.
Streptomycin
Ans:
Streptomycin
Explanation :
Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and it was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given orally, but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections.
[25] Which one of the following can be synthesized by Liver -
A.
Vitamin -—A
B.
Vitamin — E
C.
Vitamin — B
D.
Vitamin - K
Ans:
Vitamin - K
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.
Explanation :
Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue. This group of vitamins includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Populations with an increased prevalence of vitamin K deficiency include those who suffer from liver damage or disease (e.g. alcoholics), cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel diseases, or have recently had abdominal surgeries. The vitamin K - dependent coagulation proteins are synthesised in the liver and comprise factors II, VII, IX, and X, which have a haemostatic role.